CONTENTS, OR SYSTEMATIC INDEX. 



CHAPTER I. 

 CHARACTERS OF VERTEBRATES. 



SECTION PAGE 



1. Developmental characters . . 1 



2. Structural characters .... . . 3 



3. Piscine modification .... ..... 4 



4. Reptilian modification ... . 5 

 o. Avian modification .... ... 6 



6. Mammalian modification . 6 



7. Genetic and thermal distinctions . 6 



8. Sub-classes of Haematocrya, or Cold-blooded Vertebrates ... 7 



9. Orders of Hsematocrya 9 



CHAPTER II. 

 OSSEOUS SYSTEM OF H.EMATOCRYA. 



10. Composition of Bone ... .... 19 



11. Development of Bone , . . 21 



12. Growth of Bone ...... 23 



13. Classes of Bone ........... 26 



14. Type-segment, or Vertebra .... .27 



15. Archetype Skeleton . . 29 



16. Development of Vertebrae ......... 30 



17. Vertebral column of Fishes .... .... 34 



18. Vertebral column of Batrachia ........ 46 



19. Vertebral column of Ichthyopterygia ....... 50 



20. Vertebral column of Sauropterygi a . . . . . . . 51 



21. Vertebral column of Ophidia ........ 53 



22. Vertebral column of Lacertia ........ 57 



23. Vertebral column of Chelonia ........ 60 



24. Vertebral column of Crocodilia ........ 65 



25. Vertebral column of Pterosauria ........ 70 



26. Development of the Skull 71 



27. Skull of Plagiostomi 76 



28. Skull of Protopteri .......... 82 



