6 THE FAUNA OF THE DEEP SEA 



Brooke. This was reported upon by Professor 

 Bailey. 



Further light was thrown upon the deep-sea 

 fauna by Dr. Wallich in 1860, on board H.M.S. 

 ' Bulldog,' by the collection of thirteen star-fish liv- 

 ing at a depth of 1,260 fathoms. 



Previous to this Torell, during two excursions to 

 the Northern seas, had proved the existence of an 

 extensive marine fauna in 300 fathoms, and had 

 brought up with the ' Bulldog ' machine many forms 

 of marine invertebrates from depths of over 1,000 

 fathoms; but it was not until 1863, when Professor 

 Loven read a report upon Torell's collections, that 

 these interesting and valuable investigations became 

 known to naturalists. 



Nor must mention be omitted of the remarkable 

 investigations of Sars and his son, the pioneers of 

 deep-sea zoology on the coasts of Norway, who, by 

 laborious work commenced in 1849. failed altogether 

 to find any region in the deep water where animal 

 life was non-existent, and indeed were the first to 

 predict an extensive abysmal fauna all over the floor 

 of the great oceans. One of the many remarkable 

 discoveries made by Sars was Rhizocvinus, a stalked 

 Crinoid. 



