10 THE ENTOMOLOGICAL CODE. 



Example. — Alpha alba, var. minor, form longipennis Jones. 

 Alpha alba, var. major, form longipennis Smith. 



CATEGORY I. 



(Specific Names and Ones of Lower Rank.) 



38. A specific name becomes valid when published in connection 

 with a description or figure of that species, or with reference to a 

 previously published named or unnamed description or figure, or to 

 replace a valid name of specific or lower rank. 



39. A specific name published without reference to or in connec- 

 tion with a generic name is invalid. 



40. The citation of a manuscript name as a synonym of a valid 

 name does not of itself validate the manuscript name, its status being 

 subject to the rules governing new names. 



Example. — Alpha minor Linn. 



(= Alpha nor Latr. MSS.) 



Alpha nor Latr. is still but a manuscript species, even 

 though a description of A. minor Linn, is therein 

 included. 



41. A new specific name mentioned in the description of a new 

 genus is not thereby validated unless it is clearly stated that the 

 description is that of both a new genus and a new species. 



42. The date of a valid specific name is that of first publication of 

 the page whereon that specific name becomes valid. 



43. The name (or abbreviation) of the author of a specific name 

 is placed, without intervening comma, after the specific name. 



44. If a species is removed from the genus in which it was origi- 

 nally described the author's name may be placed in parenthesis and, 

 if desirable, the name of the person responsible for the first use of 

 the new combination may be placed after the original author's name ; 

 but in no case is it allowable to substitute another name for that of 

 the original author of the species. 



Example. — Alpha alba Linnaeus, when transferred to the genus 

 Beta by Gray, may be written : 

 Beta alba Linn. 

 Beta alba (Linn.) 

 or Beta alba (Linn.) Gray, 

 but not Beta alba Gray. 



