THE ENTOMOLOGICAL CODE. 9 



the genus. However, had Jones also published a description of the 

 genus admittedly furnished by Smith, then the genus would also be 

 credited to Smith. 



28. New names given with reference to figures, or previous de- 

 scriptions, belong to the author publishing such names, whether 



credited to another or not. 



29. Articles without signature, or with ones insufficient for iden- 

 tification, are to be credited to "anonymous," unless there is internal 

 or later evidence proving the real authorship. 



30. Where an author has two names, or has changed his or her 

 name, that name shall be used which is used in the article quoted. 



31. In the division or restriction of species, genera, families, &c. 



the typical part must retain the original name. 



32. When species, genera, families, &c, are united the oldest 

 name shall be retained in use. 



33. Names used by Linnaeus in the 10th edition of his Systema 

 Naturas for species can never be changed, as they cannot In' homo- 

 nyms, synonyms (except of each other), nor misidentifications of 

 previous names, since nomenclatorially there are no names before 

 this work. Names appearing in synonymy in this work may be used 

 for purposes of identification of species, but cannot he resurrected, 

 being permanent synonyms. 



34. Names used before 1758 are not validated by reprinting after 

 1758. 



35. Names may be divided into the following grades, or cate- 

 gories : 



I. Specific names, and ones of lower rank. 

 II. Generic, and subgeneric names. 



III. Superfamily, family, and subfamily name-. 



IV. Superordinal, ordinal, and subordinal nam.-. 



36. The use of a name in one category does not invalidate it- use 



in another category, but in no case shall the same name be used twice 

 in Zoology in the same category above category no. 1. 



37. In species, subspecies, varieties, or races, the same aame -hall 

 not be used twice in the same genus, but name- of lower rank, as 

 hybrids, seasonal or colorational forms, hermaphrodites, gyandro- 

 morphs, sports. &c, may be used twice in the same genus but not in 

 the same rank immediately above. 



