PASSEIUN.K. 



I -.3 



a singular character in the secondary quills of the wing, the ends of which [at least in two of the three 

 species, are converted into] smooth, oval, red disks, [much resemhling red sealing-wax]. 



There is one in Europe, the Common Warwing (Amp. garrulut, Lin.), [and which also occurs in America west- 

 ward of the Rocky Mountains, and in Asia to China and Japan.] It is less than a Thrash, with soft vinous-grey 

 plumage, the throat black ; tail black, tipped with yellow, [with minute scarlet lobes resembling those on the wing- 

 secondaries in old specimens*, wherein the primary quills also are each terminated with white, forming a series Of 

 transverse markings] ; wings black, variegated with white [and yellow]. This bird appears in flocks, at long inter- 

 vals, and without regularity, from which circumstance its presence was long considered an evil omen. It is not 

 timorous, is easily captured and kept in captivity, eats of every thing, and a great quantity, [but in the wild state 

 is principally baccivorous, and in times of necessity has been seen to eat the buds and sprouts of various trees: 

 it flies rapidly, and has a low warbling song]. This bird is supposed to breed very far to the north. Its flesh is 

 esteemed good eatimr. 



There is a very similar but smaller species in America (Amp. garrulut, Ji., Lin. ; ./. americana, \\ ils. ; It. caro- 

 linensis, Brisson ; li. cedrurum, Vieillot), [the Cedar-bird of the Anglo-Americans : it inhabits eastward only of 

 the Rocky Mountains.] 



A third, in Japan (li. phirnicoptcra, Tern.), has no wax-like appendages to the wings, and the tail and lesser 

 wing-coverts are tipped with red. [Its size equals that of the first.] 



M. M. Ilofmansegg and llligerhavc separated, with equal propriety, — 



The Camfanero and some others (Procnias, Ilof.), — 



Wherein the beak, weaker and more depressed, opens nearly as far as the eye. They are indigenous 

 to South America, and subsist on insects. 

 They require to be subdivided into 



The Campaneros (Procnias, as restricted), — 

 Which have feathered throats. 



One species [Amp. carunculata,Gm.), distinguished by a long soft caruncle at the base of its beak, is white when 

 adult, greenish when young. [This is the celebrated Campanero or Bell-bird of Guiana, the loud sonorous voice 

 of which, heard from time in the depths of the forest, during the stillness of mid-day, exactly resembles the tolling 

 of a bell.] 



Others, 



The Averanos (Casmarhynchus, Tern.), — 

 Have naked throats. 



There is one in which the naked part of the throat of the male is covered with fleshy caruncles: the Averano nf 

 Button {Amp. variegata, Lin.). Another (Prom, araponga, l'r. Max ; Casm. ecarunculatut, Spix) has some small 

 thinly-scattered feathers on the same place. These birds also are white in the adult state, and have the females 

 and young greenish. 



Finally, we place at the end of the Cotinga group, 



The Gymnodes (Gymnoderes, Geoff.), — 



The beak of which is only a little stouter, but the neck is partly naked, and the head covered with 



velvety feathers. 



The species known is from South America, and in great part frugivorous. It is the size of a Pigeon, and black, 

 with bluish wings. (The Gracula nudieollit, >h. ■. Corvui nudqt and Gracula fetida, Gm.).— N.B. M. Vieillot 

 brings the Choucaris, Gymnode, and Dragoon-bird togethl r, to form his genus Coracina. 



The Drongos (lulolius, Cuv. ; Dicrurits, Vieillot) — 



Also pertain to the great series of Flycatchers. Their beak is equally emarginated and depressed, its 



upper ridge acute ; but thej are distinguished by having both mandibles slightl] arcuated throughout 

 their length: the nostrils arc covered with feathers, besides which then' are long hairs forming mous- 

 taches. [These interesting birds exhibit a Qycatching modification of the great corvine type , 



The Species are numerous in the countries bordering the Indian Ocean, and an- generally glOSay black, wilb a 

 forked tail, [the outermost feathers Of Which are often extremely long, with a naked shaft except at tl e base and 



tip : thej are gregai ions, urn mbling towards the evening, and subsist mi insects, particularly Bees and Wasps, for 

 winch they ha»k m the vicinity of the hive ; are popularly termed Devil-birdi]. It is said that some of them ■ 

 as flnerj a- a Nightingale. 



The genua Sparceie* of niiger was founded on a disguised specimen of one of these birds, decorat* i with math 

 not its own by a dealer, and tin- legs of a Hoopoe, 



• Thti tni'U to eorroboraw a nmtk lap, iv;. wherein the t»il-fe«ther» »rc »t»iccl to cormpond tu the wtnfMCoedaH»», «c«pU»§ lh« 

 mid lie pair, or an pyglala, which raprctaot the arlua^tertiarii i. Ba. 



