OllTIIOrTERA. 



5G1 



Mjfrmeeophila (8pharium, Cbarpent.), i- s destituteof wings, and has the bod] 



small size, and lives in Ants' nests [on the Contiiit- :.t j. 



M. act rvontm is of w ry 



Other-, [having, like the last, a talc-like spot at the base of the wing-covers in the male], have these 



organs disposed like a roof, and the tarn have font 

 joints ; the antennae are very long and filiform. The 

 females have the ovipositor always exserted, com- 

 pressed, and Babre or cutlass-shaped. These in 

 V -i?-^^ 1 ^ \jj<t} are herbivorous, and form the geirus 



vLrldisiloia 



Locusta, Geofl'r. [Gryllui, or GiyUidee, of English 



authors]. 

 [The Great Green Grasshopper, with long antenna;], 

 L. viridurima, is two inches long, preen, without .-pots; 

 the o\ ipositor of the female is straight. 



Man] species Of this genus are destitute of wings, or 

 have wing-covers only, but of very small size. 

 [The species of this genus, or rather, family, have been distributed into a considerable number of generic groups 

 by Thunberg, Serville, Latreille, Burmeister, and others, founded upon external variations of form.] 



The others have the antennae filiform and cylindric, sword-shaped, or thickened at the tips, and as 

 long as the head and thorax; the wings and wing-covers are roof-shaped when inactive, and the tarsi 

 are 3-jointed. The tonguelet, in the majority, has only two divisions; the ocelli arc three in number, 

 and constantly distinct ; the mandibles much toothed ; the abdomen conical, and compressed at the 

 sides. They leap with much more energy than the preceding, and have a much longer sustained 

 flight. They feed upon vegetables with great voracity. They maybe united into a single genus, that of 



Acrydii'm, Geoffr., — 

 Which [has been greatly divided into genera and subgenera by Serville, Burmeister, and Thunberg, but which] 

 Latreille divides as follows. 



Some have the mouth exposed, the tonguelet bifid, and a membranous pulvillus between the tarsal ungues. 



Pnatmora, Thunb., has the hind-legs shorter than the body, and scarcely fitted for leaping; the abdomen is 

 bladder-shaped in one of the sexes. These Bpecies are only found in the southern parts of Africa. 



Proti opia, Slug, is wingless ; the body is long and cylindrical ; the head, without ocelli, is prolonged in front 

 into a point or cone, bearing two ver] short 7-jointed antenna, pointed at the tip ; ami the hind-legs are large and 

 long. Tbi are peculiar to South America, and have been well monographed b) King. 



Trui 16 antenna c pressed, and of a prismatic form; the head elevated into a pyramid. 



CryUut tuuutut, Lam., and many other exotic species. 



Xypkieera, Latr. [Pamphagut, Thunb.), is composed of species which, in respect to their antennae, are interme- 

 diate between Truxalis and the following genua. 



Aerydium proper, ' I lia locust a, Linn.), [Loeuttida of British authors], differs from Pneumora 



in having the hind feet longer than the body ; the abdomen BOlid, and not bladder-like: and from Truxalis, in 

 having the head ovoid, and the filiform, or terminated by a knot. Man] sp< on each aide of the 



. near t lie i.ase of the abdomen, a large cai ity, closed on the in si. le b] a very thin pellicle. 1 have described 

 this organ in the eighth volume of the Mdmoiret <ln Mtu&um, which has some influence either in the production of 

 the chirping, or in flight. Prom analogy with the Cicada, I have compared it to a kind of tambour. The ipecii a 

 fly high in the air, and often in troops. Their hind wings are often agreeably coloured, especially with red and 

 : the exotic species the thorax is often crested, warty, or otherwise singularly formed. Certain 

 i heve been termed Migratory, from their uniting themselves in troops of incalculable numbers, and mi- 

 grating through the sir in thick clouds, and in an astonishingly short time transfoi m the places where the] alight 

 into an arid waste. Their death even becomes ■ scourge, the air being infected by the immense masses of their 



(lead bodies. M . Mint, in his excellent t ranslat Inn of HerodOtOS, Conjectures that the maSS ,,f . I.;i, I bodies Of 



jed serpents which the hi to have seen in Egypt, waa a mass of the bodies of these migratory 



■-. This opinion perfectly accords with my own. These insects are consumed in different countriet 0/ 



Africa, the inhabitants using them for their own food, and as an article of commerce. Thej t> ai oil the wings an.' 



wing covers, and then bake them. \ great porti t Burope is often overrun by 



Gtylltu migratoritu, which is two inches and s half long, with brown wing-covers spotted with black, and :. 



slightly elevated creal on the thorax. The eggs are envel I in s glutinous secretion, forming a cocoon, which 



the insect is said to fasten to plants. [This is, however, refuted by the observations ol Mr. Smirnove uj the 



locusts of Russia, published in the Trantm Hon* of the Lhuuean Sot letv of London.] It is common in Poland. 



The south of Europe, Barl t, &c., suffer similar devastations from some other species, of which soma 



sre of larger size, as G. agyptbu, tatarteut, Lam., 8tc., and which scarcel] differ from Q.Um .1 

 found in the -'"it 1 1 of I ranee ; s species peculiar to (hi tntriea, and which is thai wl n and pre- 



pared in Barbary, in the manner above detailed. The natives of Senegal drj ai , of which the bod j :» 



n 11 



