52 MAMMALIA. 



been assigned by Bory St. Vincent) : and the numerous divisions and subdivisions of that naturalist 

 being tolerably in accordance with the apparent value of the characters presented, whether or not they 

 truly represent the real distinctions, or, in some instances, similarity be confounded with identity (a 

 problem to which philology seems to offer the only key), the outline of his arrangement may be 

 transferred to the present work, where it may chance to prove useful to some observers. His supposed 

 species are as follow : — 



1. H. Japeticus, Bory ; corresponding to the Caucasian race of Cuvier. — This is distributed under 

 three principal varieties, termed Caucasicus, Arabians, and Indicus: of these the first is arranged into 

 five subvarieties, named Caucasicus (Orient alis), Pelagius (Meridionalis), Celticus (Occident alis), Ger- 

 manicus (Borealis), and Sclavonicus (Intermedins), which severally comprehend the Caucasic, Pelasgic, 

 Celtic, Teutonic, and Sclavonic (including the Sarmatic) nations ; the second into two subvarieties, 

 Allanticus (Occidentalis), and Adamicus (Orient alis), respectively containing the Phoenicians, ancient 

 Numidians, and Guanches, or the Punic nations, and the Abyssinians, primitive Egyptians (modern 

 Copts), Jews, Armenians, Arabians, &c., or the Coptic and Semitic nations. 



2. H. Neptunianus, Bory. — Ranged under three subdivisions: the first unnamed (Qu. Malayanus ?) 

 allied to — probably much mingled with — the Indian variety of //. Japeticus, and consisting of the 

 well-known Malays, which people the coasts only of the peninsula of Malacca, the islands of the 

 Indian ocean, Madagascar, &c, never penetrating inland ; the second, Occidenlalis. comprising the 

 New Zealanders, and natives of the Society, Friendly, Sandwich, and other islands scattered over the 

 Pacific ocean, — it is suggested, also, (but with due and much required hesitation,) the ancient Mexi- 

 cans and Peruvians : the third, Papuensis, composed of certain inhabitants of part of the north coast 

 of New Guinea, the shores of the islands Waigou, Salwaty, Gammeu, and a few others, is obviously a 

 hybrid race, derived from the intermixture of the Malay and true Papou. Cuvier has remarked the 

 affinity of language subsisting between the Malays and South Sea Islanders. 



3. //. Scythicus, Bory. — The first division of this, unnamed (Qu. Mongolensis ?) consists of the 

 Calmucks and other Tartars ; the second, Sinicus (Homo sinicus of Bory), of the Chinese, Japanese, 

 &c. ; and the third and last, Hyperboreus (Homo hyperboreus, Bory), of the Esquimaux. It corre- 

 sponds to the Mongolian race of Cuvier. 



4. H. Americanus, Bory. — " Species," the author writes, " adhuc male coynita, forsan tota vel ex 

 parte ad Scythicam reducenda," of which the latter only is in the least probable. " Autochthones Ame- 

 rica meridionalis, in stirpes innurneras distributi ; e. y. Omayua, Guarani, Coroadi, Atures, Otomaqui, 

 Botucudi, Guiacee, Cherrucce, &c." * A second division is designated Patayonus, (being the Homo 

 Patayonus of Bory,) composed of the large-statured Patagoniaus. 



5. H. Columbicus, Bory. — The ordinary red Indian of America. 



6. H. Althiopicus, Bory. — Divided into the true Negro, not otherwise named ; Caffer, (Homo Caffer, 

 Bory,) inhabiting Caffraria, and part of the coast of Madagascar ; Melanoides, (Homo yuelaninus, Bory), 

 the Papous or indigenous inhabitants of Madagascar, the shores of New Guinea, the islands of New 

 Britain, New Ireland, and many others, also of Van Diemen's Land ; and Hottentotus (Homo Hotlen- 

 totus, Bon), the Bush and other Hottentots, which, it may be remarked, have not a few analogies with 

 the nomadic Mongoles. The last appear to have been much reduced and encroached on, till a remnant 

 only is left near the south coast of Africa, just as the Celts are now confined to the exteme west of Europe. 



7. Lastly, H. Polynesius, Fischer (H. australaricus, Bory). — The Alfourous, the lowest in the scale 

 of human beings : comprising the inland inhabitants of the Malay peninsula, the islands of the Indian 

 Ocean, Madagascar, New Guinea, New Holland, &c. 



Such is the arrangement of an able and accomplished naturalist, pubbshed in 1829, or the same 

 year in which our author gave to the world his second and last edition of the present work. The 

 most recent authority, which is the third edition of Dr. Prichard's elaborate " Researches into the 

 Physical History of Mankind," contends strenuously for unity of species in the genus Homo : but it 

 may be remarked that much stress is laid on the productiveness of mingled races of mankind, without 

 any new or satisfactory evidence being adduced in proof of the comparative sterility of the hybrid 

 offspring of the more intimately approximate races which have claim to be ranked as species ; sucn as 



* "A species imperfectly known, probably or in part referable to ' species, want of space compels me to refer the jreader to the original 

 the preceding one. It comprehends numerous tribes of South Ame I work. A cranium of the savage tribe of Botucutiiis figured by Spix 

 jrica/' some of -which are above named. For the characters of these in his work on American Quudrumunn, 



