392 



ANNEL1DES. 



like the antlers of a stag. This is the Terehella bicornes, Abeldg., and the Actinia or Animal-flower of Home. 

 M. Savigny has made of it his subdivision of Serpulcs cymospires, which M. Blainville elevates to the rank of 

 a genus. 



M. Lamarck distinguishes the Spirorbis, the branchial filaments of which are much less numerous (three or 

 four only on each side) ; their tube is of a tolerably regular spiral form, and they are mostly very small : such is 

 S. spirellum, Pallas, and S. spirorbis, Mullen 



Sabella, Cuv. (Amphitrite, Lam.) 

 The same body and fan-like gills as in Serpula, but with the fleshy filaments adhering to the bran- 

 chiae, pointed, and neither of them forming an operculum ; they are also not always present. Their 

 tube appears oftener composed of granules of clay or very fine mud, and is rarely calcareous. The 

 known species are rather large, and their branchial tufts are of an admirable delicacy and beauty. 



Some, like the SerpuUe, have on the anterior portion of the back a membranous disk, across which pass the first 

 pairs of their bundles of bristles ; their branchial pectinations are turned spirally, and their tentacles reduced to slight 

 folds. They are the Serpules spiramelles of M. Savigny, and the Spiramilla, Blainville. A large and beautiful 

 species inhabits the Mediterranean, with a calcareous tube like that of the SerpuUe, or orange-coloured gills, &c, 

 the S.protula, Nobis, or 1'astula Rudolphii, Ilisso. 



Others have no membranous disk on the foreparts, and their branchial pectinations form two equal spires, the 

 Sabelles simples of M. Savigny. Such are Amphritite reniformis, Muller, or Tubularia penicillns, Id. ; also Tere- 

 hella reniformis, Gmelin, together with the Amphritite infundibulum, .Montagu, and A. vesiculosa, Id. 



There are some with a double range of filaments on each pectination— the Sabella Astarta, Sav., such as S. 

 grandis, Cuv., or S. indica, Sav., and the Tubularia magnified, Shaw. 



Others in which one pectination only is twirled, the others being smaller, and enveloped within the base of the 

 first. The Sabelles spirographes, Sav., as <S. unispira, Cuv., and Spirographs Spallanzani, Mart. 



In some the gills do not form a simple funnel round the mouth, but numerous filaments, which are serrated and 

 strongly ciliated on the internal face; the silky feet of these are almost imperceptible— such is S. villosa, Cuv. 



Lastly, some have been described with six filaments disposed like a star— the Fabricia of Blainville. 



Terebella, Cuv., — 

 Like the greater number of species of Sabella, inhabit a factitious tube, but which is composed of 



grains of sand, and fragments of shells ; their body has 

 much fewer rings, and the head is differently ornamented. 

 Numerous filiform tentacles, capable of much extension, 

 surround the mouth, and upon the neck are gills of an ar- 

 buscular, and not a fan-like form. 



There are several on our coasts which were long confounded 

 under the name of Terebella conchilega, Gm., and which are 



Fie. 200.— Terebella medusa, in its tube. iti.ci_. », • .. , „ ,„, 



s mosty remarkable for having their tubes formed of large frag- 



ments of shells, the aperture having its borders prolonged into several 

 small branches formed of the same fragments, which serves to lodge 

 the tentacles. 



The greater number have three pairs of branchiae, which in those with 

 branched tubes pass through a hole for the purpose ; they are the 

 Terebelles simples, Sav. 



Amphitrite, Cuv. — 

 Are easily recognized by their golden-coloured spines, disposed 

 in a comb-like series, or in a crown, in one or several ranges 

 upon the forepart of the head, and which probably serve them 

 for defence, or perhaps to crawl with, or to gather up the mate- 

 rials for the tube. Around the mouth are very numerous ten- 

 tacles, and on either side of the commencement of the back are 



,j-i, Fit;. 201. — Terebella variabilis. 



pectinated gills. s 



Some of them compose slight tubes, of a regular conical form, which they carry about with them. Their gilded 

 spines form two comb-like series, the teeth of which are directed downwards ; and the intestine is very ample, 

 and several times folded, being ordinarily full of sand ; they are Pectinaires of Lamarck, the Amphyctines, Sav., 

 the Vhrysodons, Oken, and the Cistena, Leach. Such, upon our coasts, is the A. bclgica, Gmelin, with a tube 

 two inches long, formed of small round granules of various colours. A much larger species occurs in the Southern 

 seas, A. auricoma capensis, Pallas, the slender and polished tube of which appears as though transversely fibrous, 

 and formed of a soft fucus-stem-like substance, dried up. 



There are some species which inhabit factitious tubes fixed to various substances. Their gilded spines form 

 several concentric crowns upon the head, whence results an operculum that closes the tube when they contract 

 into it, but which has two parts that can be spread asunder. They have a cirrhus on each foot. Their body 



