236 
MOTH. 
in i 685, contributed in a great degree to promote 
the silk manufacture in England, as did also the 
invention of the silk throwing machine at Derby 
in 1719. So high in reputation M^as the English 
silk-manufacture, that even in Italy, according to 
Keysler (trav, vol, 1. p. *289.) the English silks 
bore a higher price than the Italian. 
In the next division, or JSfoctuce, stands the beau- 
tiful PhaUena Kupta, a moderately large species, 
with the upper wings of a fine grey colour, ele- 
gantly clouded and varied with shades and lines 
of dark brown, &;c. and the under wings of a vivid 
crimson, with two broad transverse black bars : 
the body is grey, but white underneath. The 
caterpillar, which is of a pale, flesh-coloured grey, 
is distinguished by a dorsal tubercle on the fore 
part of the body, and feeds chiefly on the willow : 
it changes to a chrysalis in July? and the Moth 
appears in August and September. The divi- 
sion Noctuce, like that of Bombyjc, is extremely 
numerous. 
As an example of the Geometrce we may adduce 
a very elegant moth often seen towards the middle 
of summer on the Elder, and called PhaUena sam- 
bucay'ia : it is moderately large, of a pale sulphur- 
colour, w ith angular wings, marked by a narrow 
transverse brown lind or streak. It proceeds from 
a green caterpillar, which like those of the rest 
of this section, walks in a peculiar manner; viz. 
by raising up the body at each progressive move- 
ment into the form of an arch or loop, the extre- 
