42 



modern authors, and to the expediency of subdividing the group 

 according to the modifications of form exhibited in the wings and 

 tail, proposed the following characters as separating the two ge- 

 nera. 



Lanius. 



Rostrum longitudine mediocre, robustum, compressum, ad basin 

 rectum, ad apicem curvatum, mandibular superioris tomiis fortiter 

 emarginatis, dentem conspicuum exhibentibus ; naribus basalibus, 

 lateralibus, fere rotundatis, membrana partim tectis $ rictu setis 

 rigidis munito. 



Pedes mediocres ; digit is liberis ; acrotarsiis late scutellatis. 



Alee subacuminatae, subbreves ; remige prima brevissim&, tertid 

 longissima, caeteris gradatim decrescentibus. 



Cauda brevis, aequalis aut subrotundata. 



Typus genericus, Lanius Collurio, Linn. 



Collurio. 



Rostrum pedes que ut in genere Lanio. 



Alee subrotundatae, breves; remige prima brevi, secund& sequen- 

 tibus paullo breviore, tertia quarta et quinta fere aequalibus lon- 

 gissimis. 



Cauda elongata, gradata. 



Typus genericus, lLanius Excubitor, Linn. 



To the latter group the following Himalayan species belong. 

 Collurio Hardwickii. Coll. capitis parte anteriore, strigd per 

 oculos ad collum extendente, alis, cauddque nigris ; capitis vertice, 

 corpore infra, macula medid alarum, caudce tectricibus, rectricibus 

 duabus lateralibus, cceterarumuue, quatuor mediis exceptis, basi 

 apiceque albis ; occipite, nucha, dorsoque imo albescenti-griseis ; 

 dorso medio lateribusque abdominis Jerrugineis. 

 Rostrum pedesque nigri. Caput superne albo nigroque colore in 

 duas fere partes transversim divisum. Longitudo corporis, 8 ; alee 

 a carpo ad remigem 3tiam, 3-J-; rostri, f; tarsi, -g-; caudce, 3-|. 

 Bay-backed Shrike, Lath.? Gen. Hist, vol.11, p. 13. sp. 6. 

 This bird appears to be the same as that referred to in Dr. La- 

 tham's work, the description of which is taken from one of the draw- 

 ings of General Hanjwicke, to whom the species is inscribed. 

 Collurio erythronotus. Coll. strigd Jrontali per oculos ad 

 medium colli extendente, alis, rectricibusque quatuor mediis ni- 

 gris ; capite supra, nucha, dorso superior i, rectricibusque latera- 

 libus pallide cinereis ; corpore infra, alarum macula medid, remi- 

 gum interiorum apicibus, rectricum lateralium marginibus omni- 

 umque apicibus, albis ; scapularibus, dorso imo, abdominisque la- 

 teribus Jerrugineis. 

 Rostrum pedesque nigri, illius mandibular inferior!* ad basin flaves- 

 centi. Striga per oculos nigra, supra graciliter albo marginata. 

 Tectrices alarum inferiores albae. Longitudo corporis, 10J- ; alee a 

 carpo ad apicem remigis 3tiae, 34; rostri, .g- ; tarsi, 1^; caudce, 4-J-. 

 This bird was observed to bear a great resemblance to the de- 



