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fibres being longitudinal), we find it dipping down on the right side 

 of the neck, keeping a straight course, passing under the right cla- 

 vicle, then crossing below the great arch of the neck within the shell, 

 and passing under the right laryngeal branch to the cardiac portion 

 of the stomach ; its length being 7 inches. The cardium passes over 

 the left laryngeal branch. The length of the stomach is 7-*- inches ; 

 the circumference of the thickest part 3 inches ; gently narrowing 

 to the pylorus. Its texture was firm and muscular, especially at the 

 pyloric portion; and between the peritoneal and muscular coats 

 numerous small white points were observed, which on being cut into 

 were found to arise from the presence of minute worms, of three or 

 four lines in length, coiled up under the peritoneum. 



" The small intestines were strong and thick : their length 3 feet 

 1 1 inches. Their internal surface presented longitudinal rugce. At 

 their termination in the large intestines there appeared the rudiment 

 of a caecum. 



"Encircled by a fold of the colon was situated the spleen, of a dark 

 red colour, and soft spongy structure, almost round in shape, and of 

 the size of a small egg : several tortuous veins proceeded from it, 

 and the veins and arteries of the mesentery in general were of the 

 same character. 



" The length of the large intestines was 1 foot 7 inches ; the mus- 

 cular coat was particularly distinct; the villous smooth ; and several 

 black patches were observed on its surface, which exhibited great 

 vascularity. 



" The urinary bladder was double, or rather it might be said that 

 there were two bladders, lying on opposite sides of the rectum, and 

 adhering to the sides of the pelvis, each communicating by a distinct, 

 opening into the commencement of the cloaca. Their size and shape 

 was that of a small pear: their texture very thin and fibrous, the 

 fibres being irregularly disposed. 



" The penis, 2± inches long, lay concealed entirely within the 

 cloaca. It was grooved along its upper surface with the furrow usual 

 in the Tortoises, but instead of being free or disengaged, was 

 attached by a close union throughout its whole length on the under 

 side to the cloaca. The glans was acuminate, and full an inch from 

 the anus. From this union of the penis to the cloaca it is difficult to 

 conceive that it can ever be protruded externally, especially when 

 its distance from the external orifice of the cloaca is considered. The 

 duct of the right bladder, in length half an inch, was found to 

 terminate just above the furrow of the penis, while that of the left 

 opened an inch on one side of it. 



" The testes were about the size of a pigeon's egg, elongated, of a 

 bright ochre colour, and situated in the pelvic portion of the abdo- 

 minal cavity, one on each side of the vertebral column ; their struc- 

 ture was soft and somewhat granular. There were no suprarenal 

 capsules. Beneath the testes lay the kidneys, large, irregular in 

 figure, glandular in structure, consisting of brain-like reduplications, 

 and dipping between the interstices of the three lowest ribs, (or 

 rudiments of ribs,) on each side of the vertebral column. 



