47 



largest part 1 foot 3 inches ; its shape a flattened oval, contracting 

 gradually towards the pylorus. On opening it, the coats, and espe- 

 cially the middle or muscular, were found extremely thick and firm, 

 and increasing in thickness towards the pylorus, which protruded in 

 a singular manner, to the distance of nearly an inch into the duo- 

 denum, at which part a few longitudinal rugae were observed, the 

 rest of the lining membrane being perfectly smooth. It contained 

 a little fluid only. The liver presented nothing remarkable ; it con- 

 sisted of two principal lobes, in the right of which the gall-bladder 

 was buried, so as just to show itself; the length of the gall-bladder 

 was 2 inches. 



The small intestines were thick and firm, their length being 3 feet 

 6 inches. The gall-duct enters the duodenum 3 inches, and the 

 pancreatic duct 10 inches, below the pyloric orifice. On laying open 

 the small intestines, their lining membrane appeared corrugated with 

 numerous longitudinal rugce, and they were found perfectly empty. 



The large intestines were smooth on their internal surface, and 

 filled with an immense mass of condensed vegetable matter, which 

 was green and fibrous, and appeared to have only partially under- 

 gone the process of digestion. In the colon near the entrance of the 

 small intestines were two or three small black patches, seemingly 

 gangrenous. There was no ccecum. The circumference of the colon 

 measured 9 inches. The length of the large intestines was 6 feet 

 8 inches, exclusive of the cloaca, which was 1 foot. 



At the lower part of the abdomen, (in a singular cavity, formed by 

 a diaphragm-like expansion of peritoneum, from which, to the oppo- 

 site or extreme side, passed numerous bands, bearing a resemblance 

 to the chorda tendinece,)the urinary bladder, of enormous capacity,was 

 lying loose, irregularly folded, but containing a considerable quan- 

 tity of viscid fluid : its parietes were thin, but very fibrous in texture. 

 When moderately distended with air, its shape was made manifest, 

 as trilobed, or rather, as consisting of one large central bag, from 

 each side of which, a conical process jutted out ; the extent from 

 point to point being 1 foot 10 inches. It opened by a neck of about 

 3 inches in length, and closely invested with lung, into the cloaca, 

 about 6 inches from its termination ; the penis was long and deeply 

 furrowed, and the glans large at the base, with a pointed apex. 



The lungs were very florid in colour, and extremely light, spongy, 

 and cellular, the cells being large and distinct. They extended the 

 whole length of the carapace. 



The kidneys were situated at the back of the abdomen, in shape 

 oval; flat on one side, convex on the other; about 5 inches long, 

 2| inches broad, and consisting of numerous lobes, which gave to 

 their surface a furrowed or brain-like appearance ; the relative 

 proportion of the venous ramification in them was found to exceed 

 that of the arterial. 



As regards the death of the animal, nothing positive could be 

 determined ; but it appeared to Mr. Martin, from the black patches 

 about the colon, and the quantity of undigested matter in the large 

 intestines, to have resulted principally from an unnatural accumu- 

 lation of faecal matter, and the attending evil consequences. 



