46 
WINNERTZ AND LOEW 
silks and velvets. Winnertz’s usual and most abundant collecting- 
ground was a covered bowling-alley in his garden, one side of 
which was protected by a glass partition. Upon this glass wall he 
used to catch a profusion of minutiae , like Chironomus , Ceratopogon , 
Mycetophilidae , and Cecidomyiae. His catching-apparatus con¬ 
sisted principally in a glass-tube, the cork of which was moistened 
with a drop of ether. The specimens were thus brought home in 
perfect condition, and immediately pinned on silver (or platinum?) 
wire. For drawing wings, antennae, and other parts of his speci¬ 
mens, Winnertz had constructed a camera by which the magnified 
image of the object was projected on a horizontal, transparent film, 
upon which the drawing was traced, in its minutest details, with 
the point of a needle. The drawings were afterwards mounted on 
a black sheet, and thus became distinctly visible. Besides the 
published copperplate No. 1 of his work on Ceratopogon, which 
represents the tips of the tarsi and the palpi of some of the species, 
Winnertz showed me, as far as I remember, other drawings of 
details which have remained unpublished, as their publication had 
been considered too expensive. I have made a vain attempt, by 
means of inquiries at Crefeld and Bonn, to recover those drawings. 
Of the seventy-seven species of Ceratopogon , described by Win¬ 
nertz, about two thirds are new species. 
A unique instance of Winnertz’s painstaking and conscientious¬ 
ness is the Tabellarisches Verzeichniss der diagnostischen Ver- 
haltnisszahlen ” on pages 13 and 14 of his Monograph. The 
amount of work bestowed upon the micrometric measurements of 
such a large number of the minutest objects is incredible. Win¬ 
nertz told me that these two pages cost him more work than the 
labor of the whole monograph. But Winnertz’s genius made 
him feel that this exertion was not useless. The excellent Schiner 
paid him a due tribute of admiration, when he said: “Die Masse 
sind so richtig und zur sicheren Bestimmung so werthvoll, dass ich 
sie tiberall anzufiihren mich fiir verpflichtet erachte ” 1 (Schiner, 
Fauna Austriaca, II, p. 575, footnote; paragraph on the genus 
Ceratopogoii). 
1 (Translation). “ The measurements are so accurate, anil so important for the 
exact determination of the species, that I feel bound always to quote them.” 
