Siphonaptera, or Fleas 
129 
of the feet, although it may attack other parts of the body. Mense 
records the occurrence in folds of the epidermis, as in the neighbor¬ 
hood of the anus. They give rise to irritation 
and unless promptly and aseptically removed 
there often occurs pus formation and the 
development of a more or less serious abscess. 
Gangrene and even tetanus may ensue. 
Treatment consists in the careful removal 
of the insect, an operation more easily accom¬ 
plished a day or two after its entrance, than 
at first, when it is unswollen. The ulcerated 
point should then be treated with weak car¬ 
bolic acid, or tincture of iodine, or dusted 
thoroughly with an antiseptic powder. 
Castellani and Chalmers recommend as 
prophylactic measures, keeping the house clean and keeping pigs, 
poultry, and cattle away therefrom. “High boots should be used, 
and especial care should be taken not to go to a ground floor bath¬ 
room with bare feet. The feet, especially the toes, and under the 
nails, should be carefully examined every morning to see if any black 
97. Echidnophaga gallinacea infesting head of chicken. After Enderlein. 
dots can be discovered, when the jigger should be at once removed, 
and in this way suppuration will be prevented. It is advisable, 
