BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 



Raja erinacea Continued. 



(i), 7676 (2), 7681 (i large, i small), 7686 (i), 

 7689 (i), 7698 (i young), 7699 (i), 7700 (i), 7702 

 (i small), 7703 (i young), 7708 (i), 7717 (i 

 large, i small), 7719 (i), 7721 (i), 77 22 0). 77 2 4 

 (2), 7725 (i small), 7726 (2 small), 7727 (i), 7728 

 (i small), 7729 (i small), 7730 (3), 7761 (i 

 small). 



Prof. I. A. Field has frequently found encapsuled 

 eggs (never more than one at a time) in the ovi- 

 ducts of this skate, at Menemsha Bight, during 

 July and August. Judging from the condition 

 of the ovaries he believes that the eggs are laid 

 during the entire summer, perhaps from May 

 until October. Bumpus states that "at times 

 fully a bucketful of eggs have been deposited 

 in the 'fish cars' in a single night" (month not 

 stated). 



Food: Usually Crustacea (hermit crabs, Cancer, 

 Callinectes, Panopeus, etc., shrimps and am- 

 phipods), annelids, also bivalve mollusks, 

 squid, and fish. Linton. In order of fre- 

 quency: crabs (rock crab and lady crab), 

 shrimps, small fishes (mostly Ammodytes), 

 squid, amphipods, razor clams, lobster, algae. 

 I. A. Field. 



Parasites: Acanthocephala (Linton) Echino- 

 rhynchus sagittifer. Nematodes (Linton) As- 

 caris clavata, A. rotundata, immature nema- 

 todes. Cestodes (Linton) Echeneibothrium 

 variabile, Rhynchobothrium bulbifer, R. im- 

 parispine, R. tenuispine, R. tumidulutn, Tetra- 

 rhynchus sp. Copepods (C. B. Wilson) Ar- 

 gulus laticauda, A. megalops, Caligus rapax, 

 Lepeophtheirus edwardsi. 



Raja ocellata Mitchill. Winter skate, big skate. 



Bean, 1884; Jordan and Evermann, 1896, p. 68; 

 Bumpus, 18983, p. 58; H. M. Smith, 1898, p. 

 89; Linton, 1901, p. 431; Kendall, 1908, p. n. 



Common in Vineyard Sound in water of at least 

 5 or 6 fathoms; never taken in shoal water, and 

 not found in Buzzards Bay. Edwards. A 

 specimen doubtfully assigned to this species 

 was taken in Vineyard Sound, August 8, 1905 

 (at Fish Hawk station 7730). Present from 

 February till June, and from October till the 

 end of trap fishing; absent or very rare in sum- 

 mer. Smith. 



Food: Squid and annelids. Lir ton. Mostly 

 crabs. Edwards. 



Parasites: Nematodes (Linton) Acanthocheilus 

 sp., Ascaris rotundata, immature nematodes. 

 Cestodes (Linton) Echeneibothrium variabile, 

 Phyllobothrium loliginis, Rhynchobothrium im- 

 parispine. Copepods (C. B. Wilson) Caligus 

 rapax. 



Raja radiata Donovan. Starry ray. 



Bean, 1884; Jordan and Evermann, 1896, p. 69; 



H. M. Smith, 1898, p. 89; Kendall, 1908, p. 



12. 

 Menemsha Bight, fish traps; not common, none 



having been taken for years. Edwards. 



Raja eglanteria (Bosc). Briar ray. 



Baird, 1873 (Raia diaphana); Bean, 1884 (Raia 

 eglanteria); Jordan and Evermann, 1896, p. 71; 

 H. M. Smith, 1898, p. 89; Kendall, 1908, p. 12. 



Menemsha, not common, a few every year; for- 

 merly at the breakwater. Smith. Woods 

 Hole, one taken September 14, 1911. 



Parasites (Linton): Acanthocephala Echino- 

 rhynchus acus. Nematodes Ascaris rotundata. 

 Cestodes Acanthoboihrium paulum, Antho- 

 bothrium laciniatum, Rhinebothrium minimum, 

 Rhynchobothrium imparispine. 

 Raja laws Mitchill. Barndoor skate. 



Baird, 1873; Verrill and Smith, 1873, p. 521; 

 Bean, 1884; Jordan and Evermann, 1896, p. 

 71; H. M. Smith, 1898, p. 89; Linton, 1901, p. 

 431; Sharp and Fowler, 1904, p. 506: Kendall, 

 1908, p. 13. 



Vineyard Sound and Buzzards Bay, in traps. 

 Common in spring and fall, rare in summer. 

 Smith. Nantucket. Sharp and Fowler. 



Food: Crago septemspinosus , Cirolanaconcharum, 

 Nephthys incisa, Cerebratulus lacteus, Phasco- 

 losoma gouldii, Ensis directus, Tautogolabrus 

 adspersus, Cancer irroratus, Homarus ameri- 

 canus. Verrill and Smith (R. Icevis?). Lob- 

 sters. Linton. Crabs. Edwards. 



Parasites: Nematodes (Linton) Ascaris ro- 

 tundata. Cestodes (Linton) Acanthobothrium 

 coronatum, Echeneibothrium variabile, Mono- 

 rygma sp., Phyllobothrium foliatum, P. loli- 

 ginis, Rhinebothrium minimum, Rhynchoboth- 

 rium imparispine, Scolex polymorphus, Tetra- 

 rhynchus robustus. Trematodes (Linton) 

 Distomum veliporum, trematodes undeter- 

 mined. Copepods (C. B. Wilson) Caligus 

 curiiis, C. rapax. 



Raja sp. 



Eggs of undetermined skates (probably chiefly 

 R. erinacea) were dredged at the following 

 points : 



Fish Hawk stations: 7543 bis (i), 7545 (few), 

 7545 bis (i), 7546 bis (2), 7547 bis (i), 7552 (i), 

 7554(2), 7554 bis (i), 7558 (several), 7561 (few), 

 7563 (i). 7564 (i), 7565 (i). 7591 (i). 7592 (few), 

 7593 (several, i living), 7599 (i), 7620 (i), 7629 

 (i), 7648, 7653 (i), 7657 (i). 766i (i), 7664 (i), 

 7671 (2), 7672 (2), 7676 (i), 7679 (i), 7680 (i 

 living), 7682 (i), 7706, 7718 (few), 7720 (4), 7744 

 (i), 7752 (i living). 



Phalarope stations: 52 (i), 65 (i). 



