736 



BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 



Carcharhinus limbatus (Mtiller & Henle). Spot- 

 ted-fin shark. 



Goode, 1884, p. 673 (Isogomphodonmaculipinnis); 

 Jordan and Evermann, 1896, p. 40; H. M. 

 Smith, 1898, p. 88; Kendall, 1908, p. 5. 



Woods Hole in 1875. Goode. Quisset Harbor 

 and at breakwater, at least 20 specimens 

 during summer of 1878; all found dead in 

 traps. Smith. 



Family SPHYRNID^. 



Sphyrna zygana (Linnaeus). Hammerhead shark. 



Storer, 1867, p. 263 (Zyg&na malleus); Baird, 



1873; Jordan and Evermann, 1896, p. 45; 



H. M. Smith, 1898, p. 88; Linton, 1901, p. 427; 



Sharp and Fowler, 1904, p. 505; Kendall, 1908, 



P- 5- 



Vineyard Sound, Buzzards Bay, Quisset Harbor; 

 common. Nantucket. Sharp and Fowler. 

 Taken in traps from July to October, being 

 most numerous in July and August. Smith. 

 Occasionally seen in local waters, swimming at 

 the surface with caudal and dorsal fins project- 

 ing above surface, being sometimes harpooned 

 in such cases. Local specimens, so far as 

 known, all immature. Edwards. In recent 

 years specimens have been recorded ranging in 

 length from about 2 feet to 6 feet. 



Food: Fish and squid. Linton. 



Parasites (Linton) : Nematodes Ichthyonema sp., 

 Spiroptera pectinifer, immature nematodes. 

 Cestodes Anthobothrium laciniatum, Otoboth- 

 rium crenacolle, Phoreiobothrium lasium, Platy- 

 bothrium paruum, T<znia sp., Tetrarhynchus sp. 



Family ALOPIID^E. 



A lopias vulpes (Gmelin) . Thresher shark. 



Baird, 1873; Jordan and Evermann, 1896, p. 45; 

 H. M. Smith, 1898, p. 89; Linton, 1901, p. 428; 

 Sharp and Fowler, 1904, p. 505; Kendall, 1908, 



P- 5- 



Menemsha Bight (common), Gay Head, Buz- 

 zards Bay; taken from April till late in the 

 fall; traps and hand lines. Smith. Nan- 

 tucket. Sharp and Fowler. This shark, like 

 the preceding, is a surface swimmer. 



Food: Fish. Linton. 



Family CARCHARIID^. 



Carcharias littoralis (Mitchill). Sand shark. 



Baird, 1873 (Eugomphodus littoralis); Verrill 

 and Smith, 1873, p. 521 (Eugomphodus littor- 

 alis); Jordan and Evermann, 1896, p. 46; 

 H. M. Smith, 1898, p. 89; Linton, 1901, p. 428; 

 Sharp and Fowler, 1904, p. 506; Field, 1907, p. 

 i6etseq.; Kendall, 1908, p. 6. 



Carcharias littoralis Continued . 



Everywhere in shoal waters of Vineyard Sound 

 and Buzzards Bay, sometimes entering the 

 mouth of streams; the commonest local shark 

 with the exception of Mustelus canis. Nan- 

 tucket. Sharp and Fowler. Present from 

 June to November. Traps, lines, occasionally 

 in seines. 



Unripe eggs found July 8 and 10 (1890, 1892); 

 immature through July. F. R. Lillie in Ma- 

 rine Biological Laboratory card catalogue. 

 Mr. Edwards states that he has never found the 

 eggs of this shark. 



Food: Homarus americanus, in abundance, Can- 

 cer irroratus, Loligo pealii. Verrill and Smith. 

 Fish, crabs, and various other animals. 

 H. M. Smith. Menhaden, sea bass, scup, but- 

 terfish, and squid.- Linton. In order of fre- 

 quency: Menhaden (probably eaten after cap- 

 ture in the trap), other fishes (flounder, scup, 

 alewife, squeteague, sea robin, butterfish, 

 bonito), squid. I. A. Field. 



Parasites: Acanthocephala (Linton) Echino- 

 rhynchus acus, E. carcharice. Nematodes (Lin- 

 ton) Acanthocheilus sp. , A scaris sp. Cestodes 

 (Linton) Crossobothrium angustum, C. lacini- 

 atum, Rhynchobothrium longicorne. Copepods 

 (C. B. Wilson) Alebion gracile, Anthosoma 

 crassum, Caligus rapax, Nesippus alatus, 

 Pandarus sinuatus, P. smithii. 



Family 



Isurus dekayi (Gill). Mackerel shark. 



Baird, 1873 (Isuropsis dekayi); Jordan and Ever- 

 mann, 1896, p. 48; H. M. Smith, 1898, p. 89; 

 Linton, 1901, p. 429; Sharp and Fowler, 1904, 

 p. 506; Kendall, 1908, p. 6. 



Buzzards Bay and Vineyard Sound, in traps, 

 particularly at Menemsha; comparatively 

 common, though not so common as formerly. 

 Edwards. Most numerous in fall ; taken until 

 December. Smith. 



Food: Conger eel, fragments of fish. Linton. 



Parasites: Immature nematodes. Cestodes ( Lin- 

 ton) Anthobothrium laciniatum, Monorygma 

 sp., Phyllobothrium sp., Platybothrium par-vum, 

 Tetrarhynchus robustus ,Thysanocephalum ridicu- 

 lum. Copepods (C. B. Wilson) Anthosoma 

 crassum, Echthrogalcus coleoptratus. 



tLamna cornubica (Gmelin). Porbeagle, mackerel 



shark. 



Jordan and Evermann, 1896, p. 49; Kendall, 

 1908, p. 7. 



