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Filaments very rigid, deep green, attached to the substratum at 

 the beginning, soon detached from the base on coming in contact with 

 other algae which they closely twist round, also entangled and entwin- 

 ed to each other in spiral manner. Lower articulations sub-cylindri- 

 cal or more or less constricted and ventricose, about 300 /; thick in 

 the basal cell, soon attaining 600-750 // in diameter above, with articu- 

 lations subaequal to the breadth, becoming gradually thicker upward 

 with compressed-globular or almost globular articulations which 

 attain 1.7-2-2.5 mm. in diameter and are shorter as they are broad ; 

 surface of cells finelly striated longitudinally and transversely ; thick- 

 ness of cell walls mostly 10-20 />., thicker below as 54 a. 



Hab. : On various algae in mid-tide ; Nemoto (Boshyu), Prov. 

 Kadzusa, Nii-jima (Prov. Idzu), Choshi (Prov. Shimosa), Prov. Iwaki, 

 Prov. Rikuzen. 



PL. XCV. Fig. 1 : 3 fronds of Chaetoinorpha spiralis Okam. 

 in nat. size, slightly magd. Fig. 2 : upper fully grown articulations, 

 slightly magd.; the lowest cell 1.7 mm. in diam. Fig. 3 : lower and 

 median portion of the same frond as fig. 2 ; a newly formed wall, 

 slightly magd. Fig. 4 : lower and basal portion of the same frond as 

 fig. 2 and 3, slightly magd. Fig. 5-8 : various portions of the one 

 and same frond, which are connected at the points with the corres" 

 ponding marks x , x x , o, but with intervening cells omitted, slightly 

 magd.; Fig. 5 : upper portion, 1-1.5 mm - thick; Fig. 6 : middle portion ; 

 Fig. 8 : the lowest basal cell 3 mm. long and 270 //in diameter; 

 the 3rd cell from the base, 360 // in diam. Fig. 9 : fully formed upper 

 articulations of frond, \ 2 . Fig. 10 : surface view of the cell showing 

 striations, . Fig. 11 : cross-section of cell-wall ; the upper surface 

 indicates the outer side, the lower, the inner ^p. 



