Mosses r.nd Lichens 



Reindeer Lichen, Cladonia rangiferina, (L.) Hoffrn. See 

 Colour Plate VIII. 



Habit and habitat. On earth often covering extensive areas. 



Vegetative organs (thallus). Shrubby (fruticulose). Fruit- 

 ing branches (podetid) 4 to 10 cm. tall, branches cylindrical and 

 hollow, 5 to 1.5 mm. thick, the divisions mostly wide-spreading; 

 the sterile tips curved and drooping; without a distinct outer 

 layer (ecorticaie), the surface fibrous sometimes mealy or warty; 

 ashy-white or tinged with greenish straw-colour. 



Fruiting organs (apotliecid). Tiny brown knobs on the tips 

 of the fruiting branches. 



Name. "Reindeer lichen" because reindeer feed upon it in 

 winter. 



The Cornucopia Cladonia, Red-fruited Cup Cladonia, 

 Cladonia cornncopioides, (L.) Fr. 



Habit and habitat. On the earth. 



Vegetative organs (thai his). Branching like coral cladonice- 

 form) ; fruiting branches {podetid) hollow, elongated-top-shaped, 

 about 15 to 35 mm. tall; smooth, becoming warty. 



Fruiting organs (apotliecid). Scarlet knobs on the tips of the 

 fruiting branches. 



Name. The specific name cornucoptoides,^suggested by the 

 podetia, is compounded of three Latin words: cornn, a horn, 

 copia, plenty, and oid, like. 



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