Mosses and Lichens 



margin, rolling back at the mouth irregularly to form a crown-like 

 border. 



Pedicel (seta). Rigid, erect, 

 straight, ^ inch high, deep pur- 

 ple, rough; the base (vaginule) 

 thick, covered with rusty hairs. 

 Lid (operculum) . Short, 

 conic, obtuse, remaining for 

 a time attached to the columella 

 after separating at its margin. 

 Teeth (peristome). The outer 

 of short irregular teeth; the inner, 

 a deeply plicate, funnel-shaped 

 membrane. 



Spores. Very small, mature 

 from April to September. B. a ph y iia.s P oro- 



. . T i A phyte with de- 



DlStrtbutlOn. North Amen- pressed spore-case 



ICE, Europe and Asia. and hairy vaginule 



at the base of rough 

 pedicel. 



B. aphylla. Top 

 of spore-case show- 

 ing the peristome 

 with cone of inner 

 membrane rising 

 from a cone of 

 outer teeth, 



THE FOUNTAIN MOSSES 

 Genus FONTINALIS, L. 



The species as the name suggests grow either submerged or 

 floating in streams and ponds. 





\ 



Peristome with latticed cone 

 protruding from outer teeth. 



Stem. 



F. antipyretica. 



Female branch with 

 immersed spore-case 

 at the summit. 



The plants are branched, often naked at the base. Every 

 third leaf is directly over the first one counted; usually concave 

 pr keeled, with a base often auricled and growing slightly down 



562 



