Mosses and Lichens 



the outer recurved from the middle, the inner soft, long, with a 

 slender thread-like point; apex sharply serrate; vein present. 



Habit of flowering. Male and female flowers on the same 

 plant (monoicous). 



Veil (calyptra). Split up one side. 



Spore-case. Nodding, cylindrical, incurved, constricted under 

 the mouth when dry, brown-orange, darker when old. 



Pedicel (seta). Variable in length, smooth. 

 Lid (opercuhun) . Orange, highly convex, conical, 

 acute. 



Teeth. Orange at the base, yellowish above; seg- 

 ments of the inner membrane slightly cleft; cilia two, 

 as long as the outer teeth. 



Annulus. Broad, of three rows of cells. 

 Spores. Mature in summer and autumn. 

 Distribution. Universal. 



COMB MOSSES 



HYPNUM: Sub-genus CTENIUM 



The species of the Sub-genus Ctenium are large 

 and grow in loose tufts with stems erect or prostrate, 

 rigid and compressed, simple and two-forked, closely 



H.iincinatum. (a) Leaf from 

 base of pedicel ; (b) perigonial 

 leaf ; (c) an antheridium 

 and aparaphysis. 



C. crista-castrensis. Stem -leaves. 



and regularly feather-branched; the branches are fern-like and the 

 branchlets close, resembling the teeth of a comb, a characteristic 

 which has suggested the generic name from the Greek, /crei? 

 tcrev-), a comb. 



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