& 



142 8IPHOPHYCE.E. 



B. Tufts forthe whole life attached. 



a. Cell contents disposed in lax spirals. 



t Fruiting cells terminal or subterminal. 

 * Cell-membrane even. 

 0. Branches connate 



at the base .... canalicularis. 

 00. Branches not connate 



at the base glomerata. 



** Cell-membrane plicate .... flavescens. 



II. Threads radiating from a common centre, aggregated in a more or 

 less spongy globe cegagropila. 



Cladophora fracta. (Dilku.) Kutz. Sp. Alg., p. 410. 



Branches and branchlets sparse, divaricate, here and there 

 refracted, often secund, the lower laterally inserted. Cell 

 contents of the branches not spirally arranged, cell-membrane 

 now and then very thick. Fructiferous cells not terminal, 

 often in the middle of the branches or at their base. 



SIZE. Threads *1 mm. diam. 



Kutz. Tab. iii., t. 50. Kabh. Alg. Eur. iii., 334. Jenner 

 Fl. Tunb. Wells 186. Harv. Man. 134. 



Conferva fracta, Eng. Fl. v. 356. Johns. Fl. Berw. ii., 254. 

 Eng. Bot. i., t. 2338, ii., t. 2492. Dillw. Conf., t. 14. Lyngb. 

 Hydr. Dan. t., 52. Grev. Fl. Ed. 318. Hook. Fl. Scot, ii., 82. 

 Mack Hib. 227. Fl. Devon ii., 52. Gray Arr. i., 304. 



Conferva vagabunda, Huds. Fl. Ang. ii., 601. Lightf. Fl. 

 Scot. 990. With Arr. iv., 139. 



Conferva marina trichoides, lance instar expansa, Ray. Syn. 

 60. Dillen. Muse. 30, t. 5, f. 32. 



Cladophora crispata, Hass. Alg. 216. 



In fresh and brackish water. 



"At first forming loose tufts, which frequently become detached, and 

 the plant is more commonly found constituting floating strata, many 

 tufts entangled together in each floating mass. Filaments capillary 

 from six to eight or ten inches long, much, but very irregularly branched, 

 the branches distant, spreading at wide angles, or much divaricated, 

 either dichotomous or alternate, the lesser branches repeatedly forked, 

 with wide axils, and the ramuli which are few and very patent, com- 

 monly secund, sometimes alternate. Articulations three or four times 

 as long as broad, rarely six times as long, those of the upper branches 

 pretty uniformly thrice as long as their diameter, at first cylindrical, 

 then becoming pyriform, and when mature elliptical, when the branches 

 resemble strings of dark green beads. Dissepiments finally much con- 

 tracted. Colour at first a pleasant grass green, becoming darker and 

 duller as the plant advances in age. The endochrome is at first fluid, 

 but in the full grown articulations (which are in fact changed into 

 sporangia) it becomes distinctly granular, very dense, and of a dark 

 colour. In drying the plant adheres to paper, but not very firmly." 

 Harvey. 



Plate LV. fig. 1. Upper portion of filament of Cladophora fracta X 

 10 Fig. 2, portion, with fertile cell X 100 diam. 



