58 



STUDIES OF AMERICAN FUNGI. 



in Fig. 56, which is from a photograph of dark olive and umber 

 forms, from plants collected in the Blue Ridge mountains, at Blowing 

 Rock, N. C., during September, 1899. In the very young plant the 



volva split transversely (in a 

 circumscissile fashion) quite 

 clearly, and the free limb is 

 quite short and distant from 

 the stem on the margin of the 

 saucer-like bulb. In the large 

 and fully expanded plant at 

 the center, the volva ruptured 

 irregularly at the apex, and 

 portions of the thin upper half 

 remain as patches on the cap 

 while the larger part remains 

 as the free limb, attached at 

 the margin of the broad saucer- 

 shaped bulb, and collapsed up 

 against the base of the stem. 

 Figure 58 and the small 

 plant in Fig. 56, both from 

 photographs of the sooty form 

 of Amanita pJialloides, show in 

 a striking manner the typical 

 condition of the circumsissle 

 volva margining the broad 

 saucer-like bulb as described 

 for Amanita mappa. The color 

 of A. mappa is usually said to 

 be straw color, but Fries even 

 says that the color is as in A. 

 plialloides, " now white, now 

 green, now yellow, now dark 

 brown' (Epicrisis, page 6). 

 According to this, Fig. 58 

 would represent A. mappa. 



The variable condition in 

 this one species A. pballoidcs. 

 now splitting at the apex, now 



Fir.URE 58. Amanita phalloides, volva circumscissile, 

 concave bulb margined by definite short limb of 

 volva; upper part of volva has disappeared from 

 cap ; cap whitish, tinged with brown. 



tearing up irregularly, now 

 splitting in a definitely cir- 

 cumscissile manner, seems to 



