ANALYTICAL KEYS. 31 o 



Stipe, the stem. 



Sulcate, furrowed. 



Squamulose, with minute scales. 



Squarrose, with prominent reflexed scales. 



Tomentose, with a dense, matted, hairy or woolly surface. 



Trama, the interior portion of the gills or pileus. 



Umbo, with a prominent boss or elevation, in the center of the pileus. 



Umbilicate, with a minute abrupt depression in the center of the cap. 



Veil, a layer of threads extending from the margin of the cap to the stem (partial 



veil or marginal veil). A universal veil envelops the entire plant. 

 Veins, elevated lines or folds running over the surface of the lamella? in some 



species, and often connected so as to form reticulations. 

 Ventricose, enlarged or broadened at the middle, bellied. 



Vesiculose, full of small rounded vesicles, as the trama of the pileus of a Russula. 

 Volva, a wrapper or envelope, which in the young stage completely surrounds 



the plant, same as universal veil. At maturity of the plant it may be left 



in the form of a cup at the base of the stem, or broken up into fragments 



and distributed over the cap and base of the stem. 



