474 



THE ANATOMY OF WOODY PLANTS 



Climate in relation to evolution of plants, 

 4i7, 423 



Coal, sectioning of, 461 



Collateral protostele, 165 



Collateral siphonostele, 165 



Collodion, 449 



Color screens, 464 



Color-sensitive plates, 463 



Companion cells in angiosperms, 118 



Comparative anatomy, canons of, 234 



Compositae: illustrative of general prin- 

 ciples of anatomy, 433; organization of 

 stem in, 400, 402, 404 



Compound ray, origin of, 82, 181 



Concentric bundles in monocotyledons, 

 195 



Concentric protostele, 162 



Concentric siphonostele, 163 



Coniferales, 317; genealogical tree of, 

 355; subtribes of, 355 



Conifers, phylogeny of, 355 



Conservative organs, 238; leaf, 238; re- 

 productive axis, 238; root, 240 



Cordai tales, 305; leaf in, 203, 309; _rays 



of, 66; stem in, 306; transfusion tissue 



of, 208, 308; transition region in, 309; 



wood of, 15, 28, 66, 305, 308, 419 

 Corrosive sublimate, 445 

 Cortex, 10 



Crystallogenous cells, 118 

 Cupressineae, 339; marginal tracheids of, 



34i 



Cupressinoxylon, 349 

 Cuticle, 128 

 Cycadales, 297; centripetal wood of leaf, 



300, of cone axis, 299; supernumerary 



zones in, 298 

 Cycadonlicales, 292 

 Cycas: cortical bundles in, 201; leaf 



bundle of, 199; leaflet of, 200 

 Cynara Scolymus, distribution of oil 



canals in, 436, 439, 443 

 Cystoliths, 127 



D 



Dammar, 460 

 Dandelion, root of, 435 

 Depressed segments: in Aster, 405; in 

 Clematis, 179; in Quercus, 180 



Developing reagents, 468 

 Diagram of distribution of oil canals in 

 artichoke, 443 



Dicotyledons: characteristics of, 375; 

 degenerate vessels of, 373, 380; modifi- 

 cations of tracheids in, 381 ; parenchym- 

 atous elements of, 381; phylogeny of, 

 384; wood rays of, 382 



Diffuse ray, origin of, 82 ; 89 



Distribution of amphivasal bundles in 

 monocotyledons, 412 



Duramen or heart wood, 56, 57, 58 



Ectokinetic sporangium, 216 



Electrical current for photomicrography, 



465 

 Endarch, 23, 167 



Endodermis, 10, u, 12 

 Endokinetic sporangium, 217 



Ephedra,3$7', rays of, 174, 358; stem of , 

 173,358; tracheids of, 31; wood of, 94 



Epidermis, 126; multiple, 127; water 



tissue, 127 

 Equisetaceae, 269; course of bundles in, 



273 

 Equisetales, 250, 264; stem of, 272 



Equisetum, 269; bundles of , 270; cone of , 

 274; leaf trace of, 274; medulla of, 272; 

 primary wood of, 270; root of, 275; 

 stem of, 269; types of stem in, 271 



Erianthus, bundle of, 195 



Ersatzfasern, 34 



Exarch, 23, 167 



F 



Fagus, tracheids of, 32 



Ferns, 277; root of, 150; stem of, 278 



Fiber tracheids, 31; tylosis of, 106 



Fibers: libriform origin of, 32; mucilagi- 

 nous, 33; septate, 34; substitute, 34 



Filicales, 277; leaf of, 280; stem of, 278; 

 root of, 20, 150 



Fixing reagents, 445 



Fundamental tissues, 132 



Fusiform rays: in Cedrus, 74; in Finns , 

 etc., 69 



G 



Geinitzia, 355 



Gink go: absence of parenchyma in, 424; 

 alternate pitting in, 312; leaf of, 313; 

 opposite pitting in, 311; secondary 

 wood of, 311; sporangia and sporo- 

 phylls of, 314; tangential pitting of, 

 423 



Ginkgoales, 310; relation of, to Abie- 

 tineae, 337 



