ANTHOCHLORIN 333 



* 



ment with the calcium nitrate solution for 30 minutes does not 

 appear to affect the crystals. The solution of iodine does not 

 color the crystals at first, but after a longer time it imparts a 

 brownish color. The solution of hydrochloric acid dissolves 

 the crystals at once, and the solution, diluted with four times 

 its bulk of water, is colored deep blue with the iodine reagent; 

 but after the solution has stood for 12 hours it is colored brown- 

 ish or not at all by the iodine. The solution of potassium hydrate 

 at ordinary temperatures affects the crystals so that they are 

 colored blue by the iodine after the solution has heen neutralized 

 with acetic acid. In boiling potassium hydrate the crystals are 

 changed into viscid drops. If the solution is now neutralized 

 with acetic acid and diluted with four times its bulk of water, 

 it takes on a deep blue color with the iodine reagent. 



If a drop of malt extract is added to the solution formed by 

 boiling crystals of a-amylose with the potassium hydrate solution, 

 and exactly neutralizing with acetic acid, it is found after 5 

 minutes that the solution takes on a red color, due to the form- 

 ation of amylodextrine by the influence of the malt extract. 

 Saliva and malt extract have very little effect upon a-amylose. 

 After treatment with these reagents for 15 days at a constant 

 temperature of 40 C., no essential change could be detected. 



/?-Amylose is insoluble in cold water, but at a temperature 

 of 70 C. it forms viscid masses or minute droplets. The solu- 

 tions of calcium nitrate, potassium hydrate, and hydrochloric 

 acid have the same effect as water, excepting that the solution 

 in hydrochloric acid is more complete than in water. The 

 solution of /5-amylose acts precisely as the solution of a-amylose. 

 Undissolved /2-amylose, however, is colored blue by the iodine 

 solution. The swelling of starch in hot water is probably due 

 to the /?-amylose which it contains. Meyer considers a-amylose 

 and /5-amylose to be the same substance, but that the latter 

 contains water of crystallization, while the former does not. 



Anthochlorin. A yellow coloring matter occurring in 

 solution in the cell-sap and differing from the yellow coloring 

 matter xanthin occurring in chromoplasts in that it is not 



