72 A MANUAL OF MOSSES 



width of the leaf: median and upper leaf-cells more or less 

 regularly quadrate, small, incrassate, towards base slightly 

 larger, but not much longer than broad, non-porose, suddenly 

 becoming enlarged, thin-walled, brownish, and rectangular up 

 to 3:1, the alar inflated and sometimes extending to the costa : 

 capsule oblong, erect or slightly curved. Not seen in fruit in 



our region. 



On decayed logs and on bases of trees in woods, rarely on 

 rocks, in Europe, Asia, and, in North America, from New- 

 foundland to the Rocky Mountains, south to Pennsylvania and 

 Ohio. 



Butler : On base of Tilia, Brush Creek swamp. 



Crider's Corners, April 26, 1908. (.). E. J. 

 ( Figured ) . 



Cambria : Wiltmore. James. (Porter's Catalogue). 



McKean : Rutherford, October 17, 1895. D. A. B. 



Westmoreland : On sandstone boulder at edge of stream, 



"Shades," near Blackburn, March 25, 1910. 

 O. E. J. 

 7. Dicranum longifolium [Ehrhart| Hedwig. 



(Plate IX) 



Densely cespitose, pale green, glossy : stems more or less 

 deeply castaneous, ascending, geniculate at intervals, at least 

 3-5 cm. long, sparingly brownish-tomentose below ; leaves 

 lustrous, pale green, yellowish-green and hardly altered when 

 dry, falcate-secund, about 5-8 mm. long, linear-subulate, from 

 a short lanceolate base about one-fourth the length of the leaf, 

 at the base reddish or brownish, non-decurrent ; costa wide, 

 comprising about one-third the width of the leaf-base, some- 

 what narrowed at insertion, the upper three-fourths of the leaf 

 consisting entirely of the linear-subulate, canaliculate, more 

 or less spinose-denticulate, excurrent costa; alar leaf-cells lax, 

 rather thin-walled and hyaline, sometimes brownish, rounded 

 and extending to the costa. the laminal cells immediately above 

 with medium walls, obliquely oblong-angular, narrower to- 

 wards the margin and further above becoming smaller and 

 rhomboid-quadrate along the margin to elongate-rectangular 

 near the costa: capsule cylindric, erect, nearly straight, smooth, 

 produced but rarely. 



On tree-trunks and on non-calcareous rocks in hillv or 



/ 



mountainous regions, in Europe, Asia, and, in North America, 

 from Greenland and British Columbia south to Colorado and 

 !\orth Carolina. Rare in our region. 



McKean : Bradford, 1896. Sterile. D. A. B. (Figured). 



11. DICRANODONTIUM Bryologia Europaea. 

 Dioicous : tall mosses mostly in dense tufts, the stems and 

 often the basal portion of the costa on the under side felted- 



