176 A MANUAL OF MOSSES 



Fayette : Lay ton's, Rev. S. W. Knipe. (Porter's 



Catalogue), and Knight. (Lesquereux 

 and James). 



3. PHILONOTIS Bridel. 



Dioicous, rarely autoicous : very slender to robust, cespi- 

 tose, bright green to yellowish-green or bluish-green : stem 

 with a distinct central strand, erect, more or less elongate, 

 usually with whorled sub-floral shoots ; leaves erect-spreading 

 to secund, uniform or dimorphic, lance-ovate, mostly acute, 

 dentate or serrate, mostly with lamina one-layered ; costa per- 

 current to excurrent, rarely incomplete, cells of the apex 

 elongate to shortly rectangular, sometimes rhomboidal, rarely 

 parenchymatous and 5-6-sided, mostly ventrally or on both 

 sides mamillate, rarely so only dorsally, or rarely smooth, 

 basal cells more lax : sporogonia solitary, seta erect, long ; 

 capsule inclined to horizontal, globose, unsymmetric. with 

 mostly short collum, striate, when dry sulcate and mostly con- 

 stricted in the middle, rarely drying erect and smooth ; peris- 

 tome mostly double, the inner one rarely lacking ; teeth gen- 

 erally with interlamellar thickenings; lid mostly low-convex to 

 short conic. 



A large and cosmopolitan genus of 211 species, on earth 

 and rock in swamps and springy places ; about 30 species in 

 North America ; three species in our region. 



Key to the Species. 



a. Perigonial bracts obtuse, widely spreading from an erect base; 

 median leaf-cells about .006-.010 mm. wide; leaves dimorphic: cilia 

 well-developed. 3. P. fontana. 



a. Perigonial bracts acute. b. 



b. Leaves not dimorphic, not or scarcely plicate; perigonial bracts 



long-acuminate: cilia rudimentary. 1. P. muhlcnbergii. 



b. Leaves dimorphic, those of stems of archegonial plants some- 

 what plicate; perigonial leaves long-acuminate with excurrent 

 costa. 2. P. calcarca. 



1. Philonotis muhlenbergii (Schwaegrichen) Bridel. 



(P. marchica Sullivant). 



(Plate XXIV) 



Rather densely cespitose, light yellowish to bluish-green : 

 branches reddish, whorled from below the archegonial clus- 

 ters, erect to ascending, reddish-tomentose below, about 1-3 

 cm. high, slender; leaves of fertile stems 1-1.5 mm. long, rather 

 distant, lance-ovate, acute, ascending to appressed, when dry 

 somewhat crispate, carinate, with revolute margins but not 

 plicate, more or less spreading, serrulate in apical half, scarce- 

 ly decurrent ; costa strong, brownish, percurrent ; leaf-cells 

 mostly parenchymatous, rectangular to hexagonal, incrassate, 



