68 A MANUAL OF MOSSES 



usually 2-5 in a cluster : capsule arcuate-cernuous, rather 

 small, when dry and empty striate and brown ; spores mature 

 in late summer or early fall. 



On moist soil and on humus-covered rocks in moist and 

 shady woods, usually in hilly or mountainous regions. Eu- 

 rope, Asia, and, in North America, in the northern United 

 States and in Canada. Rare in our region. 



Huntingdon: Porter. (Porter's Catalogue). 



2. Dicranum scoparium [Linnaeus] Hedwig. 

 (Brynin scoparium Linnaeus). 



(Plate VIII) 



Large, rather loosely tufted, glossy, yellowish-green, often 

 brownish below : stems growing upwards and dying away 

 below, often 7 or 8 cm. long, densely felted-radiculose ; leaves 

 falcate-secund, often more or less tufted at the upper end of 

 the innovations, about 8-12 mm. long, linear-subulate, not 

 undulate, concave, serrate towards apex, little changed when 

 dry; costa strong, flat, one-fourth to one-third the width of 

 the leaf at base, above bearing four serrate dorsal lamellae ; 

 leaf-cells at base enlarged, quadrate to rectangular, rather 

 thin-walled, orange-colored, the median elongate rectangular to 

 somewhat linear, incrassate, porose, the apical irregularly 

 oblong, not porose: seta about 3 cm. long, erect-sinuose, yel- 

 lowish to chestnut-brown, lighter below, usually sinistrorse, 

 sometimes dextrorse above; capsule 3.5 I mm. long, about 

 0.8 mm. thick, chestnut-brown, cylindric, arcuate, when dry 

 furrowed and slightly constricted below the mouth, tapering 

 below into a short neck, exannulate ; operculum low-conic, 

 subulate rostrate, the beak about 2.5 mm. long; calyptra about 

 6-7 mm. long, cucullate, conic-rostrate. peristome 

 single; teeth pellucid, reddish-brown, papillose above, 

 below strongly articulate and vertically striate, divided about 

 one-half into 2 or 3 lance-subulate prongs, sometimes more or 

 less cribrose ; spores globose, slightly roughened, about .020- 

 .024 mm., mature in late summer or nearly fall. 



On soil, logs, rocks, etc., in woods. Europe, Asia, and, 

 in North America, throughout the cooler and temperate re- 

 gions. Quite common in our region. 



*** O 



Allegheny : Near Sharon, on dry soil, February 10, 



1887. J. A. S. 

 Cambria : James. (Porter's Catalogue). 



Center : Stormestown, April 2, 1902. Miss H. E. 



Wilson; Tussey's Mt., near Shingletown, 

 July 15 and September 15, 1909 O. E. I. 



Clinton : Near Lock Haven, July 15, 1908. O. E. J. 



Erie : Presque Isle, August 26, 1905. O. E. J. 



