F \VESTERX PEXXSYLV. \.\I.\ 135 



brane, papillose, u r ; p'site the teeth; spores medium; opercu- 

 ium flat or convex; calyptra long-persistent, inflated-ctictil- 

 late, long-rostrate, smooth, entire. 



A cosmopolitan genus of about 1 ( JO species (including 

 Entosthodon) , on soil; 21 species in Xorth America. 3 in our 



range. 



Key to the Species. 



a. Capsule neither striate nor plicate: no annulus. 



1. P. aincricana. 



a Capsule striate and more or less plicate; annulus curling off. 



b. 

 1). Leaves long acuminate; costa very often excurrent. 



2. F. fhnncans. 

 b. Leaves .short acuminate; costa mostly pcrcurrent. 



3. F. 



1. Funaria americana Lindbery;. 



o 



( 1 : . muhlenbergii Hedwig. mainly plate, not description,- 

 Lindberg.) 



Small, gregarious to loosely cespitose: stems very short; 

 leaves erect-spreading, ovate-oblong, long-acuminate, some- 

 what concave, plane-margined, entire ; costa strong, excurrent,. 

 leaf-cells lax, moderately thin-walled, the basal quadrate- 

 hexagonal to rectangular, the upper elongate rectangular : 

 seta slender, rather short, up to 1.5 cm. long, when dry dex- 

 trorse below, sinistrorse above ; capsule erect, subcernuous, 

 pyriform-oblong, the mouth tilted to one side, when dry the 

 long tapering neck rugulose. the urn smoothish and constricted 

 below mouth ; no annulus ; peristome-teeth lance-linear, dex- 

 trorsely tilted, castaneous-pellucid, papillose, articulate, with 

 divisural, strongly trabeculate ; segments about as long and 

 opposite teeth, pale pellucid; lid conic, obtuse, calyptra in- 

 flated, long-rostrate, cucullate ; spores papillose, mature in 

 May : autoicotts. 



On bare ground, Eastern Pennsylvania to Ohio and Min- 

 nesota, south to Georgia, and in the Rocky Mountains and 

 California, but not often collected. perhaps to be expected 



in our region. 



2. Funaria flavicans Richardson, Michaux. 



Loosely cespitose : stems erect, smaller than F. hygrojiietrica;- 

 lower leaves small, the upper leaves larger and tufted, oblong- 

 spatulate to obovate. concave, plane-margined, entire, at apex 

 long-acuminate ; costa percurrent or excurrent ; leaf-cells large, 

 lax ; seta long, erect, capsule oval-pyriform to globose-pyriform, 

 more or less horizontal or downward curved, dark reddish when 

 mature, with mouth less oblique and smaller than in F. hygroinct- 

 rica, gradually attenuate below into the seta, not much furrowed 



