178 A MANUAL OF MOSSES 



cells rather thin-walled, rectangular, up to .060-.080X-015-.018 

 mm., pale, pellucid, towards the margins and upwards becom- 

 ing shorter, more incrassate, papillose at the ends, the median 

 and upper leaf-cells becoming quadrate to 2-4 times as wide as 

 long, strongly papillose at their upper ends, incrassate, pel- 

 lucid : capsule not seen but said to be large and similar to that 

 of P. fontana : perigonial leaves widely ovate and linear-acumi- 

 nate : spores mature in summer, but the capsules rather rarely 

 produced. In vegetative characters this species is difficult to 

 differentiate from forms of P. fontana or from P. seriata. 



In calcareous bogs and springs, Europe, Asia, Algeria, and, 

 in North America, from New England to Pennsylvania and 

 Nevada. Uncommon in our region. 



Clinton : In roadside ditch, north of Renovo, July 



15, 1908. O. E. J. (Figured). 



Huntingdon : Warrior's Ridge, T. C. Porter. (Porter's 



Catalogue). 



3. Philonotis fontana [Linnaeus] Bridel. 

 (Mnluin fontanum Linnaeus; Bartraniia fontana Swartz). 



(Plate XXV) 



Cespitose, yellowish-green, sometimes quite glaucous, 

 loose above but interwoven belo\v with a reddish-brown felt- 

 like tomentum : stems erect, reddish, slender, usually 2-6 cm. 

 high, densely fulvous-radiculose below, the innovations usual- 

 ly whorled and giving the plants the appearance of being 

 pleurocarpous ; leaves about 1.5-2 mm. long, lance-ovate, 

 acuminate, appressed when dry, usually quite plicate on each 

 side of the costa near the base, serrate above, usually more or 

 less revolute towards the base ; costa strong, often percurrent 

 or even excurrent ; basal cells elongate-rectangular to elongate- 

 hexagonal, loose, pale pellucid, about .008-.012(-.015) mm. 

 wide, the end-walls often papillose, the cells in the acumen 

 linear-vermicular, incrassate and more or less papillose at both 

 ends ; perigonial leaves spreading, broadly triangular-ovate, 

 the inner often obtuse and rounded at the apex, the costa not 

 reaching the apex : seta dark red, 2-4.5 cm. long ; capsule 

 ovate-globose, large, brownish, thick-walled, striate, oblong, 

 when dry and empty arcuate and irregularly ribbed ; operculum 

 conic-convex, acute ; peristome-teeth reddish-brown, pellucid, 

 lanceolate ; peristome-segments nearly as long as teeth, nar- 

 row, carinately gaping, cilia three (two) about as long as 

 segments ; spores very slightly papillose, incrassate, yellowish- 

 brown, about .019-.023 mm., usually mature in June. 



Water-loving mosses usually avoiding calareous habitats, 

 on dripping rocks or in swamps and wet places. Cosmopolitan 

 and occurring in North America throughout, from Canada to 



