202 A MANUAL OF MOSSES 



A cosmopolitan genus of 8 species, occurring on non- 

 calcareous rocks ; 3 species in North America, only the fol- 

 lowing in our range. 



1. Hedwigia ciliata Ehrhart, Bryologia Europaea. 



(H. albicons Lindberg; Fontinalis albicans Weber; Anictangium 

 ciliatitm- Hedwig). 



(Plate XXX) 



In patches of varying size up to quite large, blackish or 

 brownish below, glaucous-green above, more or less hoary, es- 

 pecially in late summer or in autumn, owing to the colorless 

 tips of the leaves : stems from 2 or 3 up to 8 or 10 cm. long, 

 rather slender, irregularly forking and branching, the branches 

 usually rather short ; leaves more or less secund on the pro- 

 cumbent stems, when dry imbricated but with recurved apex, 

 when moist spreading, concave, ovate, 1.5-3 mm. long, the 

 apex sub-obtuse to long-acuminate, papillose-denticulate to 

 spinulosely denticulate, more or less hyaline ; costa none ; the 

 median basal leaf-cells yellowish pellucid, not papillose, nar- 

 rowly linear, incrassate, porose, towards the margin and in 

 upper part of leaf the cells sub-quadrate or rectangular, with 

 more or less sinuose walls, the cells in the angles often brown- 

 ish and larger, the median and upper cells prominently papil- 

 lose, longitudinally seriate, varying from quadrate to rounded 

 or hexagonal ; perichsetial leaves prominently ciliate towards 

 the apex, not plicate : seta practically none : capsule sub-sessile, 

 immersed, globose-oblong, about 0.6-0.9 mm. in diameter, 

 wide-mouthed and truncate when dry and empty, red-rimmed, 

 the urn castaneous ; lid convex, sometimes mamillate, about 

 three-fourths as wide as the median diameter of the urn ; 

 calyptra small, sub-cucullate and fugacious; annulus none but 

 one or two rows of exothecial cells at the rim of the urn 

 smaller, laterally elongate, and castaneous-pellucid ; peristome 

 none ; spores mature in spring, minute, shallowly pitted, pale, 

 thin-walled, about .025-.028 mm. : autoicous. 



On dry rocks, boulders, stone-walls, etc., in non-calcareous 

 habitats ; almost cosmopolitan ; in North America occurring 

 from the Arctic regions to Mexico. Common in our region. 



Allegheny : On large rock at head of Wildwood-Road 



Run, November 19, 1908. O. E. J. and G. 

 K. J. ; base of white oak at Keown, No- 

 vember 14, 1909. O. E. J. 



Beaver : Valley of Little Beaver Creek, near 



Smith's Ferry, October 1, 1910. O. E. J. 



Fayette : Ohio Pyle, July 4, 1908, and May 30-31, 



1908. (Figured). O. E. J. ; Meadow Run 

 Valley, September 1-3, 1906, and 1-3, 1907. 



