300 A MANUAL OF MOSSES 



meats about as long, widely carinately gaping, yellowish, the 

 three slender, nodose cilia about as long, the basai membrane 

 about two-fifths as high as the teeth ; lid rostrate ; exothecial 

 cells brownish, rather thin-walled, rectangular to hexagonal, 

 several rows at the rim much smaller; spores smooth, medium- 

 walled, .010-.014 mm., mature in spring. 



On stones and logs in rich and moist mountain woods ; 

 Europe, Asia, northern Africa, and in North America from the 

 Arctic regions south to the northern United States. Not un- 



common in our region 



Blair 

 Elk 



Jefferson 

 McKean 



T. C. Porter. (Porter's Catalogue). 



McMinn. (Porter's Catalogue). 



Kate Stoy. 



On logs and on ground over leaves, Ruth- 



erford Run, April 25, 1893, \Yest Branch 

 Swamp, on logs, October 15, 1893, and 

 on rich, shaded bank over leaves, Manila 

 Brook, June 30, 1895. (Figured), all Brad- 

 ford. D. A. B. 

 Washington : Linn and Simonton. (Porter's Catalogue). 



2. Hylocomium urnbratum [Ehrhart] Bryologia Europsea. 



(Hypnum umbra hi in Ehrhart). 



(Plate XLIV) 



Slender, not so large and not complanately branched as in 

 II. splcndcjis, more erect and forming loose, green tufts often 12 

 or 15 cm. high, sometimes yellowish, somewhat lustrous: stems 

 rigid, pinnately or bi-pinnately branched, the branchlets un- 

 equal, often drooping, sometimes distinctly flagelliform, the 

 stems reddish, bearing numerous conspicuous and branched 

 paraphyllia ; stem-leaves quite broadly triangular-ovate, rather 

 distant, rather spreading, about 2 mm. long, acute to long- 

 acuminate, decurrent, strongly plicate, undulately strongly 

 dentate all around, the teeth sometimes recurved, no papillae 

 on back of leaf ; branch-leaves more ovate and smaller ; costa 

 double and strong, reaching to about mid-leaf; median leaf- 

 cells about 8-10:1, linear, not forming distinct auricles, the ex- 

 treme basal castaneous-incrassate, rounded ; perichsetial leaves 

 broad, apically spreading : seta slender, 3-4 cm. long, flexuous ; 

 capsule short, about 2 :1, turgid-ovate, more or less horizontally 

 inclined, somewhat plicate and constricted below the mouth 

 when dry and empty ; peristome normally hypnoid, segments 

 carinately split, the cilia usually 2, about as long as segments ; 

 annulus none ; lid conic, shortly apiculate ; spores mature in 

 early spring. 



Over rocks, logs, and woods-humus, in mountain woods ; 

 Europe, Asia, and, in North America, from Newfoundland to 



