TABLE OF CONTENTS. VII 



PAGE 



The "Struggle for Existence" 54 



Instances of the Struggle for Existence 55 



Sympathetic Coloration 56 



Mimicry 56 



Examples of Mimicry 57 



Sexual Selection 59 



On the Efficiency of Natural Selection 61 



Migration Theory 63 



Lamarckism 64 



Influence of Environment 64- 



Use and Disuse 65 



Nageli's Principle of Progression 65 



GENERAL MORPHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY 68 



General Zoology: Animal Morphology 68 



CEcology or Biology 68 



General Anatomy 68 



I. General Anatomy. 



The Morphological Units 69 



I. The Morphological Units of the Animal Body 69 



The Cell 69 



History of the Cell Theory 70 



The Schleiden-Schwann Cell Theory 70 



Reform Movements 71 



Discovery of Protoplasm 72 



Schultze's Protoplasm Theory 73 



Nature of the Cell 73 



Protoplasm . 74 



General Properties of Protoplasm 74 



Movement of Protoplasm 75 



Irritability of Protoplasm 77 



Heat-rigor 77 



Cold-rigor 77 



Nutrition and Reproduction 77 



Cell-nucleus 78 



The Nuclear Substance 79 



Structure of the Nucleus 79 



Nuclein and Paranuclein 80 



Significance of the Cell-nucleus So 



Cell-budding 8r 



Indirect Nuclear Division, Karyokinesis or Mitosis ... 82 



Nuclear Spindle and Centrosomes 83 



Multinuclearity, Multicellularity 83 



Direct Nuclear Division 84. 



Probable Significance of Direct and of Indirect Nuclear 



Division 84 



II. The Tissues of the Animal Body 85 



