Notes on Brazilian Entomology. 



by two other species. It is emitted by two pencils of pale hairs on the ventral 

 side of the abdomen, which can be hidden in longitudinal grooves on the first 

 two abdominal segments. To see them in the living male he must be held with 

 the ventral side turned upward, so that he can freely move his wings. As soon 

 as he begins to flutter, the pencils will expand, and when the wings cease to 

 move, they will be laid down again into their grooves. 



The males of the Glaucopidcc are provided with two long hollow retractile 

 filaments, generally beset with hairs, which they can protrude from the end of the 

 abdomen, on the ventral side; sometimes they exceed the body in length, and 

 are then rolled into an elegant helix. They emit, in most cases, a distinct odour, 

 which is very strong in some species (e. g., Belemnia inaurata}. Two similar 

 filaments, producing a strong odour, exist in the male of a Cryptolechia. I have 

 seen retractile pencils, tufts of hairs, or hairy protuberances, some of them emitting 

 distinct odours, at the end of the abdomen of various other male moths, of which 

 I do not know the names. 



Pencils or tufts of hairs appear to be of rather frequent occurrence on the 

 legs of male moths, e. g., among the Erebidce and Geometridce, and in two or 

 three cases odours were observed to issue from them. 



In one of our largest Erebidce the tibiae of the hind legs are much dilated 

 in the male, and densely covered with peculiar hairs, capable of being voluntarily 

 erected; they emit a faint but distinct odour. 



As I know as yet but a very insignificant part of our moths, a vast number 

 of other odoriferous contrivances may be expected to be found among the extremely 

 numerous species of these insects. 



Sounds made by Butterflies 1 }. 



I know here four species of Ageronia (Feronia, Fornax, Amphinome and 

 Aretliusa), all of which are rather common in certain localities where their food- 

 plants (Dalechampid) abound. I have frequently heard the noise made by them 

 and can fully confirm Mr. Darwin's statement, that this noise is produced, almost 

 exclusively, when two are chasing each other. Sometimes a short, clicking noise 

 is made, when an Ageronia is caught in the net. On October 3oth, 1876, at the 

 mouth of the Rio Trombudo, a tributary of the Itajahy, I saw two butterflies 

 chasing each other, which produced a loud clicking noise, and settled from time 

 to time in the manner of Ageronia, with the wings expanded horizontally, on dry 

 stems of Taguara (bamboo). I, of course, imagined them to be some species of 

 Ageronia, but after having succeeded in catching one of them, found that it was 

 Eunica Margarita. I may observe that the neuration of the wings of that butter- 

 fly bears a rather close resemblance to that of Ageronia, so that indeed, it ma)' 

 be more nearly allied to that genus than is generally assumed. 



On February 2ist, 1877, at the foot of the Serra de Itajahy, I heard a noise 

 resembling that of Ageronia, but rather louder, produced by two small brown butter- 

 flies, which seemed to be Euptyclii>, but which I did not succeed in catching. 



i) The following notes are supplementary to a paper by Mr. Mcldola, entitled "Entomological Notes 

 bearing on Evolution", in Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist., Feb. 1878. 



