28 



PHYLUM TUNICATA (tlROCHORDA). 



irithout internal longitudinal bars, stigmata small and irregular, 

 dorsal lamina as a membrane, viscera on dorsal edge of pharynx. 



Hypobi/tlthi* Moseley, stalked, test thickened in places to form plates, 

 600 to 3,000 fins. 



Fain. -2. Cynthiidae. Usually attached, rarely free, sometimes pedun- 

 culated : mouth Aperture usually 4-lobed, atrial 4-lobecl ; pharyngeal wall 

 longitudinally folded, internal longitudinal bars without papillae, stig- 



FIG. 20. A Portion of the pharyngeal wall of Batfiyoncitx minilii/ix. H of (_ ulrolux wyville- 

 tliomsoni (from Bronu. after Herdman). // inner longitudinal bar ; k] folds of pharyngeal 

 wall ; ks pharyngeal apertures ; Ig longitudinal liars ; tr trans\risi> bars. 



inata straight ; tentacles simple or branched ; intestine on the left side, 

 only slightly or not at all attached to the mantle ; goiiads on the inner 

 surface of the mantle, either on. both sides or on one only. In the genera. 

 Culeolus, Ci/xtint/i<i and Fungulnx, etc., the stigmata are large and quad- 

 rangular, and fine longitudinal liars are supposed to be absent (Fig. '20). 

 It is doubtful linuvver if this interpretation is <-<inv<-t (see ;>. 1-1. 



J''l<;. % J1.- Filanii nt> nt tin' tuiiii- i 

 grains nf >aml arr attarln'il (from 



M<:/:/u/ii riixi-nritn. shnvvin 1 -' tin 1 - 



an<l Uri-niianl. altrr l,.-l)uthit'r-L 



to w liieli the 



Siib-t'iim. 1. Bolteninae. I'liarynx \vith inori- than 4 folds on each 

 side ; tentacles .onipouiul : body ors > IOHL; stalk, fioltona Sav. (Fig. 

 19), pharynx wall \\ith the line longitudinal bars, stalk arises on 

 ventral surface near mouth. X. Atlantic, .\nstial.i-ia. Arctic. ('</*- 

 tingia MacLi-a\ . the trans\fi',-,r and longitudinal bars of the pharynx 

 form a louse i iit.'sl ivvork, line longitudinal bars absent, Arctic. Fun- 

 i/nliiN Herd., pharyngeal walls with square lurches, no tine longitudinal 

 bars, stalk short and tiiick. dorsal lamina as a membrane, abyssal 



