COPEPODA. 



395 



view was resisted by Hansen and by Giesbrecht, and was finally aban- 

 doned by Glaus himself.* 



It has been shown that in the larval history of members of the Cala- 

 nidae (Fig. 263) these two pairs of appendages are not only separate from 

 their origin, but that a segmental furrow of the body lies between them 

 which is, in fact, the division between head and thorax and that there 

 are distinct ganglia correspond- 

 ing to them. It is clear there- 

 fore that the approximation of 

 these appendages found in Cy- 

 clops and its allies is a depar- 

 ture from the more generalized 

 condition found in the Calan- 

 idae, a conclusion which is 

 borne out by a general view 

 of their relationship. We are 

 now, therefore, able to name 

 the anterior pair (the inner in 

 Cyclops) second maxilla, while 

 the posterior (outer in Cyclops) 

 or "hand" of Juririe, must be 

 regarded as the first thoracic 

 appendage, modified to carry 

 food to the mouth, and hence 

 to be named the maxilliped. 



The abdomen is gener- 



Mn.P. 



- Th 



ally five-jointed in males FIG. 260. Ventral aspect of the anterior part of the 



body of Calamis finmarcJiicus L. A' first an- 

 tenna ; A* second antenna ; me median eye ; Mii.p 

 mandiliular palp ; jl/:r' first maxilhi ; .!/./" second 

 maxilla ; Mz.p maxilliped : T/i- liases of the first 

 pair of swimming feet, united by " coupler " : n.l. 

 upper lip. (After Sars.) 



and four-j o i n t e d in 

 females. The first seg- 

 ment carries the openings 

 of the generative ducts, and 



the anus is situated on the last segment, in the angle between the 

 two divisions of the caudal fork. The abdomen, especially in the 

 parasitic forms, very frequently undergoes a considerable reduction. 



Appendages. Anterior antennae, uniramous. 



Posterior antennae, xmi- or biramous. 



Mandibles, generally with a well-developed and sometimes 



biramous palp. 

 First maxillae. 

 Second maxillae. 



Maxillipeds or 1st thoracic appendages, uniramous. 

 Second thoracic appendages (biramous swimming 1<'K S )- 

 Third 

 Fourth 

 Fifth 

 Sixth 



The anterior antennae arising on either side of the base of the 

 * Arb. aus. d. zool. Inst. Wien, xi, 1. 



