DECAPODA. MACRURA REPTANTIA. 



535 



FIG. 32(3. Phyllosoma larva of Palinurus. a d abdomen; L 

 liver ; II second, III third maxilliped ; IV-VI the first three 

 ambulator}' legs. (From Korschelt and Heider, after Claus). 



Phyllosoma. The 3 

 foremost pairs of 

 trunk-legs are de- 

 veloped, and bira- 

 mous (Fig. 326). It 

 corresponds with the 

 early mysis stage of 

 other forms. 



Sub-fam. 1. 

 Scyllarinae. On 

 sandy bottoms. 

 Body depressed ; 

 2nd antenna a 

 broad plate 

 without flagel- 

 lum. Orbits 

 complete. Scyl- 

 larus Fab. ros- 

 trum prominent 

 and c e p h a 1 o- 

 thorax longer 

 than broad. 



S. latus Lat. ; Thenus Leach, rostrum bilobed, cephalo-thorax 

 broader than long, orbits at antero-lateral angles. T. orientalis 

 Fab. Ibacus Leach, cephalo-thorax much broader than long, orbits 

 near the middle line. Widely distributed in warm littoral waters. 

 Arctus Dana, rostrum very short, and 2nd antennae remote from 

 one another. A. ursus Dana, British Isles to Australia and Japan. 



Sub-fam. 2. Palinurinae. On rocky bottoms. Body sub- 

 cylindrical, and antennae with a long flagellum. Orbits incomplete. 

 Palinurus Fab. with a small rostral spine, and short flagella to 1st 

 antennae. P. vulgaris, Lat., the Rock Lobster, French languste, 

 coasts of Europe. Stridulating organ, on base of 2nd antennae, 

 produces a squeaking sound. Jasus T. J. Parker (Palinositus Sp. B.) 

 rostrum short. S. Hemisphere. Linuparis White, from Japan. 

 Panulirus White, rostrum very small, flagella of 1st antennae long, 

 the region bearing these appendages produced in front of the frontal 

 margin ; stridulating organ as in Palinurus. Palinurellus von 

 Martens, rostrum covering the bases of the eye-stalks and antennae. 

 Fam. 3. Nephropsidae. Carapace free from the epistome. Rostrum 

 of good size. Inner lobes of 2nd maxillae and 1st maxillipeds not 

 reduced. No appendix interna. The exopodite of the last abdominal 

 limb divided by a suture. Body subcylindrical. Carapace gripped by 

 the 1st abdominal segment only. 1st joint of second antenna free. A 

 scale-like exopodite is present. Three foremost trunk-legs chelate ; the 

 first pair longest. Telson firm, squared, often sutured. 



Sub-fam. 1. Nephropsinae. Carapace subcylindrical, with ros- 

 trum ; sternum of last thoracic segment ankylosed with seventh ; 

 2nd-6th thoracic legs carry simple epipodial plates with branchial fila- 

 ments springing only from their bases. Exopodite of uropod with a 

 transverse suture. Nephrops Leach. N. norwegicus (L. ), Norway 

 lobster, also British. Branchia of epipodite of 2nd maxilliped small 

 or absent. Eunephrops S. I. Smith ; Homarus vulgaris M. Edw. 



