DIPLOPODA. CHILOGNATHA. 593 



segments 1, 2, and 4 with one pair of legs, the third and the last three are 

 apodal ; no penis ; copulatory appendages in anterior part of 7th segment, 

 which is provided with two pairs of legs. Spirostrephon Brt., palaearctic 

 and nearctic ; Callipus (Lysiopetalum) Risso, palaearctic. 



Fam. 2. Chordeumidae (Chordeumoidea). Body cylindrical or slightly 

 depressed, attenuated in front and behind. Labrum with 3 teeth, man- 

 dibles with 9-12 combs. Pleura united with tergites. Laminae pedigerae 

 free. No foramina repugnatoria. Segments 30 or 32, constant. The 

 third and two last segments apodal, the 1st, 2nd, 4th and antepenulti- 

 mate with one pair of feet each, copulatory appendage in segment 7, or 

 6, or 8 ; no penis. Trachysoma Attems. Atractosoma Fanzago. Craspedo- 

 sorna Leach. Campodes Koch. Chordeuma Koch. Zyyonopus Ryder 

 and Scoterpes Cope, eyeless, America. 



Fam. 3. Julidae (Juloidea). With elongated usually cylindrical 

 bodies, composed of a large number of segments (30-70 or more), which is 

 variable within the limits of the same species. Eyes usually composed of 

 numerous ocelli ; many are blind. Labrum with 3 teeth, mandibles with 

 cardo and from 4-10 combs. Pleura united with tergites ; laminae pedi- 

 gerae (except the first two) united with the pleura, but with distinct 

 suture, or free. The 3rd or 4th segments or none of the anterior segments 

 are apodal, the last two segments are apodal. Foramina repugnatoria 

 always visible in lateral series, usually beginning in 6th segment. Penis 

 distinct ; copulatory appendages on the 7th segment which is without 

 legs. Cosmopolitan. Cambala Gray, N. America. Nannolene Bollman, 

 N. and Central America. Julomorpha Porat, S. Afr. and Philippines. 

 Trachyiulus Peters, Ceylon. Spirostreptus Brdt., Indo-Malaya. Odonto- 

 pyge Brdt., Afr. and S. Amer. Spirobolus Brdt., Tropics. Rhinocricus 

 Karsch, Australasia, S. Amer. Julus Brdt., Palaearctic ; J. terrestris L. 



FIG. 356. Julus terrestris (after C. L. Koch). 



(Fig. 356). Blaniulus Gerv., Palaearctic. Unciger Brdt. and Pachyiulus 

 Berlese, Palaearctic. Nemasoma C. Koch, Palaearctic and Nearctic. 



Fam. 4. Polydesmidae. Body more or less long, cylindrical or slightly 

 flattened dorsally, without keels or with lateral horizontal keels which may 

 be bent either towards the dorsal or ventral surface. Number of segments 

 19-20. Eyes always absent. Labrum with 3 teeth. Mandibles without 

 cardo, usually with combs. Gnathochilariurn with large, undivided infra- 

 maxilla. Laminae pedigerae in segments 2 and 3 free, rest united with 

 pleura ; pleura united with tergites. Foramina repugnatoria present in 

 two lateral rows. First segment * and two last apodal, 2nd, 3rd and 4th 

 each with one pair of legs (Fig. 349). No penis. Copulatory appendages 

 on 7th segment, which has one pair of legs. Cosmopolitan, large forms 

 from the tropics. Sphaeriodesmus Peters, Mexico. Cyclodesmus Hum- 



* According to Silvestri. There seems however to be some doubt on 

 the point, for according to some authors it is the 2nd segment which is 

 apodal both in the larva and adult (Fig. 353). 



Z III Q Q 



