DIPTERA SCHIZOPHORA. 



751 



it is thought that they only enter the burrows of other insects and do 

 not mine themselves. Camptoneura. 



Fam. 59. Agromyzidae. Small flies whose larvae burrow in plants 

 largely in the leaves, or devour Aphides. Leucopsis. 



Fam. 60. Milichiidae. 



Fam. 61. Octhiphilidae. 



Fam. 62. Heteroneuridae. Slender, yellow or dark flies whose larvae 

 live in damp, dirty spots or under bark. 



Fam. 63. Cordyluridae. 



Fam. 64. Diopsidae. The head is broadened and sometimes produced 

 into very elongate lateral projections, which bear the eyes. These flie& 

 frequent shady woods. They are not found in Europe. 



This family is the last of the Muscidae Acalyptratae. The six following 

 families may be grouped together as Muscidae Calyptratae : in them the 

 squama forms a calyptroii covering the halter. 



Fam. 65. Anthomyiidae. Resemble house-flies, but the ulnar nervure 

 (4th longitudinal) is straight. Bristle of antenna naked or feathered. 

 Four or five abdominal segments visible. A large, cosmopolitan, un- 

 attractive and generalized family with affinities to the Muscidae acalyp- 

 tratae, the Tachinidae, the Muscidae and the Sarcophagidae. The larvae 

 are flattened maggots with posterior stigmata, and of very varying habits. 

 Antliomyia brassicae is destructive to cabbages, and on the other hand A* 

 cana and A. angustifrons destroy 

 locusts. 



Fam. 66. Tachinidae. Bristle 

 on antenna bare or nearly so. 

 Abdomen with four to six 

 bristly segments visible. First 

 posterior cell almost or com- 

 pletely closed. A large, and to 

 man beneficial family of flies, 

 since their larvae live in and 

 destroy other insects, especially 

 caterpillars, many of which are 

 injurious to crops. The larva 

 devours the interior of its host, 

 but at first at least does not 

 eat the more essential organs, 

 so that the host lingers on until 

 the larva is fully grown, the 

 parasite then leaves the body of 

 the caterpillar and pupates on the ground. Miltogramma (British) may 

 lay its egg in flies of the family Tabanidae which have been previously 

 captured by the Hymenopteran Bembex as food for its own young. 

 Thrixion is parasitic on Orthoptera. Some two hundred species of this 

 family are British. 



Fam. 67. Dexiidae. This family resembles the last mentioned, but 

 the bristle on the antenna is pubescent, the legs are longer and some 

 species are brilliantly coloured. The larvae are parasitic in insects and 

 snails. Dexia, Rutilia. 



Fam. 68. Sarcophagidae. The bristle of the antennae is feathered 

 proximally and hair-like distally. Some species are viviparous and 

 Sarcophaga magnifica causes much trouble by laying its maggots in sores. 



FIG. 479. The Tsetse fly (Glossina morsitans). A 

 the fly with three divisions of the proboscis pro- 

 jecting ; B adult larva ; C pupa. (From Sharp.) 



