COCCIDIIDEA. 59 



observed. It is possible, however, that such solitary forms have 

 escaped from conjugation.* The division of the cyst-contents into 

 spores in Polycystids usually takes place outside the body of the 

 host after evacuation with the faeces (exogenous sporulation) ; but in 

 the Monocystids and body-cavity forms, sporulation is endogenous, 

 i.e., it takes place in the body of the host. In the latter case the 

 spores may either be evacuated and produce their germs in a new 

 host, or the germs may be hatched out in and reinfest the same host. 



Endogenous cysts found in organs which do not communicate with the exterior 

 can only set free their spores for a new host after the death of their host. The 

 body-cavity cysts are found only in insects, and mainly in females, which often 

 die after laying their eggs. 



Sub-order 1. MONOCYSTIDEA. 



Without differentiation of the body into protomerite and deutomerite, etc. 

 Generally of considerable size ; when full grown lying free in the body-spaces of 

 their host. The protoplasm after encystment breaks up into spores, each of 

 which becomes coated and divides into several falciform bodies. Conjugation 

 appears to be general. Monocystis Stein, elongated, one end with cuticular 

 hairs, sporulation incomplete ; body-cavity, gut, and testis of earthworm ; 

 Gamocystis Stein, cyst with gelatinous coat and sporoducts, intestine of Blatta 

 lapponica and Ephemerid-larvaj ; Conorhynchus Greef, almost always in syzygial 

 condition, gut of Echiurus ; Gonospora Schn., like Monocystis, Annelids, 

 Urospora Schn., like Monocystis, gut of Nemertines, body-cavity of Sipunculus, 

 testis of Tubifex. 



Sub-order 2. POLYCYSTIDEA (SEPTATA). 



With differentiation of the body into protomerite, deutomerite, and sometimes 

 epimerite. Other characters as in Monocystidca. In alimentary canal of Arthro- 

 poda. Dvfouria Schn., Colymbetes larva ; Botliriopsis Schn., various Dytiscidae; 

 Porospora Schn., Homarus ; Stenoccphalus Schn., Julus ; Hyalospora Schn., 

 Thysanura ; Eusftora Schn., Melolontha larva ; Clepsidrina (Gregarina) 

 Hammersch. (Fig. 45), various insects ; Pilcocephalus Schn. ; Echinocephalus 

 Schn., Lithobius : Sttjlorhynchus Schn. (Fig. 45), Opatrum, Asida, Blaps ; 

 Actinoceplialus Schn., Coleoptera, Locusta, Sciara larva. 



Order 2. COCCIDIIDEA. f 



Minute Greyarine-like forms whicJi mainly infest epithelial cells, 

 and do not outgrow their cell-host. Tliey produce falciform young. 



This is a provisional division to include certain small oval parasites 

 with a single nucleus found in the cells of various animals. They 

 have so far been found in Vertebrates, Arthropods, and Molluscs. 

 They bring about the destruction of their cell-host, and those which 



* According to Leger there is a Gregarine in the body-cavity of Glycera which 

 produces spores without encystment. 



t A. Labbe, "Recherches sur les Cocciclies," Arch. Zool. Exp. (3), 4, 1896. 



