GORGONACBA. 181 



Fain. 1. Pteroeididae. Pinnules well developed, with siphonozooids on the 

 pinnules. Plcroeitfi'H Herklot ; Godcfroyia Koll. ; Sarcophyllum Koll. 



Fam. 2. Pennatulidae. Pinnules well developed ; siphonozooida on the 

 ventral and lateral sides of the rachis. Pennatula Lam. ; Lcioptihim Verr. : 

 Ptilosarcns Gray ; HaHsceptrum Herklot. 



Fain. 3. Virgularidae. Pinnules small, without a calcareous plate. Virgu- 

 laricv Lam. ; Scytalium Herkl. ; Pavonaria Koll. 



Fam. 4. Stylatulidae. Pinnules small, with a calcareous plate. Styhitn/" 

 Yerr. ; Dubcnia Kor. and Dan. ; Acomthoptilum Koll. 



Section 2. Spicata. 



Rachis elongated, cylindrical, with a bilateral arrangement of the polyps ; 

 without pinnules ; polyps sessile. 



Fam. 5. Funiculinidae. Polyps on both sides of the rachis in distinct rows, 

 with cells ; ventral siphonozooids absent. Funiculina Lamarck ; Halipteris 

 Koll. 



Fam. 6. Stachyptilidae. Polyps (with cells) on both sides of the rachis in 

 distinct rows. Ventral siphonozooids present. Stachyptilum Kiill. 



Fam. 7. Anthoptilidae. Polyps on both sides of the rachis in distinct rows, 

 without cells. Anthoptilum Koll. 



Fam. 8. Kophobelemnonidae (Fig. 147). Polyps on both sides of the rachis 

 in a single series, or in indistinct rows, large and without cells ; rachis elongated, 

 cylindrical ; ventral streak of rachis without polyps. Kophobelemnon Asbjornsen, 

 SclcrobelcmnoH Koll.; Batliyptilum Kiill. 



Fam. 9. TJmbellulidae. Polyps on both sides of the rachis in a single series, 

 or in indistinct rows, large and without cells ; rachis short (i.e., the polyps are 

 placed at the end of the central stem). Umbellula Lam. 



Fam. 10. Protocaulidae. Polyps on both sides of the rachis in a single 

 series, or in indistinct rows, small and without cells. Protocaulon Koll ; 

 Cladiscus Kor. and Dan. 



Fam. 11. Protoptilidae. Polyps on both sides of the rachis in a single series 

 or in indistinct rows, with cells. Protoptilum Koll. ; I/ygomorpha Kor. and 

 Dan.; Microptilum Koll.; Leptoptilum Koll.; Trichoptilum Koll.; Scleroptilum 



Koll. 



Section 3. Eenillea. 



Rachis expanded in the form of a leaf, with bilateral arrangement of the 

 polyps on one side of the expansion ; without pinnules. A single large siphono- 

 zooid (exhalent zooid) terminates the end of the central stem. 



Fam. 12. Eenillidae. Renilla Lam. 



Section 4. Veretillea. 



Club-shaped colonies, without pinnules. Polyps arranged all round the 

 rachis. 



Fam. 13. Cavernularidae. Spicules long. Cavernularia Valenciennes ; 

 StyTobclcmnon Koll. 



Fam. 14. Lituaridae. Spicules short. Lituaria Val. ; Verctillum Cuv.; 

 Policclla Gray ; ClaveUa Gray. 



Sub-order 5. GORGONACEA. 



Fixed colonial Alcyonaria with a horny or calcareous axial rod, wliicli is 

 covered by a coenenchyma from ivldcli the polyps arise. 



