INTRODUCTION 



Terminology of the Teeth of Pupillidcc. 

 Though a definite terminology of the teeth of Pupa? has 

 been in use for about seventy years by such scholarly author- 

 ities as Pfeiffer, Rossmaessler, Benson and others, many 

 species have been described as though no terminology existed, 

 or using other terms than those of Pfeiffer. This often leaves 

 us in uncertainty as to the meaning, and produces great diver- 

 sity among the original descriptions quoted or translated in 

 this monograph. It has not been practicable to reduce the 

 descriptions to a common terminology, since although one can 

 usually tell what teeth are described, yet in too many cases 

 there is uncertainty. Authors have often described the posi- 

 tion of each tooth elaborately a waste of ink, since the posi- 

 tions are practically invariable except in the degree of immer- 

 sion. The use of the terms labrum and labium (labral and 

 labial) has also led to confusion in many cases; as these 

 terms are superfluous they may be abandoned with advantage. 



Lamellae 



J 



1 < 



Supracolumellar 

 Columellar 

 Subcolumellar ~ 



-1 '-JI-T ?uprapalatal 



~f~~~~ Upper palatal 

 - Interpalatal 



Lower palatal 

 -^ Infrapalatal 



Basal 



FIG. 1. Terminology of lamellae and folds, 

 (vii) 



J 



