VI PREFACE. 



specimens bearing on the work to follow, upon the PupilUnce, 

 Orculiiicc, Vertiginincu and other groups. 



Specimens and information used in this volume have been 

 given generously by many zoologists. Part of these favors 

 have been acknowledged in the text, but special thanks are 

 due to 



Dr. N. Annandale, Superintendent of the Indian Museum, 

 for a series of Indian Pupillidge. 



Dr. Paul Bartsch, Curator of Marine Invertebrates, for Aii- 

 tillean and South American species from the National Mu- 

 seum. 



Mr. H. C. Burnup, for valuable notes on South African 

 species, with numerous specimens. 



Dr. Geo. H. Clapp, for forms collected by him in the Baha- 

 mas, Florida and elsewhere. 



Dr. Wm. H. Dall, for the loan of Galapagos Pupae. 



Mr. John Farquhar, for South African Pupillidas collected 

 by him. 



Mr. Charles Hedley, of the Australian Museum, for many 

 specimens of Australian Pupse, and information on several 

 species. 



Mr. John B. Henderson, for the use of his large series of 

 Antillean PupillidaB. 



Dr. V. Sterki, for various American species. 



Mr. B. B. Woodward, who kindly reported on several types 

 in the British Museum and gave other useful notes on the 

 group. 



Mention should also be made of the gifts, continued through 

 many years, of my constant friends Mr. Jas. H. Ferriss and 

 Mr. Y. Hirase, which have added largely to the material at 



hand. 



The firm of Sowerby & Fulton has taken pains to procure 

 for me a number of rare species, not accessible elsewhere. 



That the Manual is able to continue during these unhappy 

 days, when a considerable part of its support from abroad is 

 cut off, and the difficulties of publication are increased, is due 

 to the interest of the Council and Publication Committee of 

 the Academy, who have steadfastly encouraged the work. 



H. A. P. 



