PUPISOMA. 



19 



11036 Bishop Museum; paratypes 36653 Bishop Museum, A. 

 N. S. P. and Thaanum coll. 



Hawaii: Fossil at Palihoukapapa (Thaanum). 



There are but four specimens of this interesting little form 

 in the Bishop Museum. 



There is no doubt but that the three forms from Hawaii, 

 considered here as species, might be united under a single 

 specific name and be given varietal rank. They are, how- 

 ever, easily recognized from one another with an ordinary 

 hand lens and are without any intermediate connection such 

 as occur on Maui, and with our present knowledge it seems 

 best to consider them as separate species. 



Undoubtedly this genus is widely distributed on the high- 

 lands of Hawaii, and there are probably many forms, if not 

 species, left to the patient collector of these practically (from 

 a eonchological standpoint) unknown fields. 



Genus PUPISOMA Stoliczka. 



Pupisoma STOL., Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, xlii, 1873, p. 

 32, type P. lignicola. PILSBRY, Man. Conch., ix, p. 52. GOD- 

 WIN-AUSTEN, Land and Freshwater Moll. India, ii, 1910, p. 

 SQO.Ptychopatula PILSBRY, Proc. A. N. S. Phila. 1889, p. 

 191 ; Nautilus, iii, p. 62 ; Man. Conch., ix, pp. 54, 57, H. caca, 

 Guppy designated as type. 



The shell is ovate or globose-conic with obtuse apex, usually 

 perforate, thin; whorls 3y 2 to 5i/ 2 , strongly convex. Aper- 

 ture truncate-rounded; peristome thin, slightly or not ex- 

 panded, the columellar margin dilated and reflected. 



Animal viviparous, having short eye-stalks and no inferior 

 tentacles. Jaw composed of vertical plaits with narrow in- 

 tervals. Radula with tricuspid central teeth; lateral teeth 

 tricuspid (miccyla) or with the inner cusp suppressed (dios- 

 coricola) ; marginals with 4 or 5 unequal cusps; formula 

 14.1.14 (dioscoricola) or 15.1.15 (miccyla). 



Distribution, tropical and subtropical regions of both hemi- 

 spheres except in arid districts and oceanic islands; living on 

 the bark and leaves of trees and other plants. 



As to the systematic position of Pupisoma, opinions have 



