174 PUPILLA, EUROPE. 



Fig. 2. Length 4.6, diam. 1.95 mm., 7 whorls. Huustan- 

 ton, England. 



Fig. 1. Length 4, diam. 1.8 mm., 6% whorls. Hunstautou. 



Fig. 3. Length 3.15, diam. 1.75 mm., 6 whorls. Pensarm, 

 N. Wales. 



Fig. 4. Length 2.7, diam. 1.7 mm., 5*4 whorls. Pensarm, 

 N. Wales. 



Fig. 7. Length 3.5, diam. 1.65 mm., 7 whorls. Calvados. 



Fig. 6. Length 2.6, diam. 1.6 mm., 6 whorls. Calvados. 



Palaearctic Region, generally distributed over Europe, 

 north Africa, northern and central Asia, south to Persia; 

 part of North America. 



Turbo muscorum L., Syst. Nat,, x, p. 767. HANLEY, Ipsa 

 Linn. Conch., p. 352, pi. 4, f. 6, Linne's type specimen. Pupa 

 muscorum L., EOSSMAESSLER, Iconographie, i, p. 83, f. 37 ; v, 

 f. 323. KUESTER, Syst. Conch. Cab., Pupa, p. 12, pi. 2, f. 1-5. 

 -PFR., Monogr., ii, p. 311 ; iii, 536 ; iv, 665 ; vi, 304. WESTER- 

 LUND, Fauna, 1887, p. 121. MOQUIN-TANDON, Moll. France, 

 ii, 1855, p. 392, pi. 28, f . 5-15, with var. edentula. - - WIEG- 

 MANN, Jahrb. D. M. Ges., iii, p. 212 (radula of immature 

 stages). KENNARD and WOODWARD, Proc. Malac. Soc. Lond., 

 iii, p. 194 (Pliocene of England and Amsterdam). GODWIN- 

 AUSTEN, P. Mai. Soc., iii, 260 (Pangkong Lake and Ladak, 

 Kashmir, and Yarkand. - - HILBER, S. B. Math.-Nat, Cl. K. 

 Akad. Wissensch., Wien, 88 Bd., 1 Abth., 1884, p. 1376, pi. 

 6, f. 9 (localities in Prov. Kan-su, China, etc.). Pupilla mus- 

 corum L., BECK, Index Molluscorum, 1837, p. 84 (with var. a, 

 normalis, = typical form). BOETTGER, Jahrb. Nassau. Ver. 

 Naturkunde, 42, 1889, p. 263.--GUDE, Fauna Brit. India, 

 Moll., ii, p. 282. SCHLESCH, Land- og vatna-lindyr a Islandi, 

 1921, p. 16 (Iceland). Pupa (Pupilla) muscorum var. eden- 

 tula- SLAVIK, Archiv naturwiss. Landesdurchforschung von 

 Bohmen, i, sect, iv, 1868, p. 110 (Bohemia, with the 1-toothed 

 and the 2-toothed muscorum}.-- A. WEBER, Abh. K. Bayer. 

 Ak. Wiss., xxvi, 5 Abh., 1913, p. 17 (localities in Thian-Shan). 

 Jaminia muscorum m. sinistrorsum and var. alba J. W. 

 BALDWIN, Journ. of Conch., xi, 1904, p. 11 (Abersoch, North 

 ^\r a l es ). KENNARD & WOODWARD, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. 34, 

 Zool., 1920, p. 209 (Linnean type). 



