212 EUROPEAN SPECIES OP VERTIGO. 



Acta Soc. pro founa et flora Fennica, xiii, no. 7, p. 71 (dis- 

 tribution, etc.). 



Turbo vertigo MONTAGU, Testacea Brit. 1803, p. 363, pi. 12, 

 f. 6. Not Helix vertigo Gmelin. Vertigo vertigo ISSEL, Moll. 

 Pisa, 1866, p. 23. 



Pupa ocsensis HALEVATS, Res. Wiss. Erforsch, Balatonsees, 

 iv, pt. 2, p. 60, pi. 3, f. 10. Upper Pontic beds, Oecs, Lake 

 Balaton (considered by 0. Boettger a var. of V. angustula). 



Vertigo venetzii Charpentier MS., FER., Prodr. p. 65 (nude 

 name). CHARPENTIER, Cat. Moll. Suisse, p. 18, pi. 2, f. 11. 

 ROSSMAESSLER, Iconogr. pt. 10, p. 30, f. 650. STERKI, Proc. 

 U. S. Nat, Mus. 1888, p. 380, pi. 42, f. 11, 12. Pupa venetzii 

 Charp., PFR. Monogr. ii, 364. 



Vertigo hamata HELD, Isis, 1837, p. 304. 



Vertigo plicata A. MULLER, Wiegmann's Archiv fur naturg. 

 1838, i, p. 210, pi. 4, f. 6 (Neuhaldensleben). 



Vertigo nana MICHAUD, Complement de 1'hist, nat. des moll., 

 etc., 1831, p. 71, pi. 15, f. 24, 25 (Lyons). 



V. angustior is readily known by the strongly striate shell 

 tapering towards both ends, the vertical columellar lamella and 

 the very long and strong upper palatal fold, decurved at its 

 inner end ; the lower palatal being either quite weak or want- 

 ing. The palatal callus is very strong. 



Var. nana Mich. 2 parietal teeth; columellar margin less 

 thickened, with scarcely noticeable teeth. Upper palatal tooth 

 short, the lower rudimentary. Southern France at Lyons: 

 northern Italy (Westerlund). 



Michaud's description and figure are not complete for de- 

 tails of structure, and as far as I can see pertain to practically 

 typical V. angustior. Numerous specimens from Lyons ap- 

 pear to be practically typical. Westerlund, however, defines 

 nana as a variety. Dupuy says of specimens received from 

 Michaud that the upper palatal fold is less strong, and the 

 lower less distinct than in what he had figured as Pupa 

 venetzii (Hist. Nat. Moll. France, p. 121). 



Var. producta Westerlund. Elongate ovate, chestnut- 

 colored, 51/0 to 6 convex whorls, the last with straight back, 

 very oblique, with a strong white tubercle at the base, pro- 



