310 HAWAIIAN NESOPUPAE. 



Hawaiian Islands (Pfeiffer) ; Hawaii (Boettger, Pease), 

 Waipio Valley (Thaanum). Lanai, Maunalei Gulch (Forbes) ; 

 Mahana, Kaihalena (Spalding). Molokai, Mapulehu, (Thaa- 

 nmn and Cooke) ; Puulua and Kalihi (Cooke). Oahu, Palolo, 

 Tantalus, Makiki (Cooke), Waialaeiki (Bridwell), Pauoa 

 (Gouveia). 



The above is the distribution of the typical form as known 

 at present. More or less distinct races of this species have 

 )>een taken on all the main islands except Niihau. 



'? Pupa- newconibi PFR., Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1852 

 (1854), p. 69; Monographia Heliceorura Viventium, iii, 1853, 

 p. 530. 



Pupa newcombi PFR., Monographia Heliceorum Viventium, 

 iv, 1859, p. 682 KUESTER, Conchyl. Cab., Pupa, 1859, p. 172, 

 pi. 20, f. 23, 24. BOETTGER, in von Martens, Conchologische 

 Mittheiluugen, i, 1881, p. 56, pi. 11, f. 12; pi. 12, f. 13.- 

 ANCEY, Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France, v, 1892, 

 ]>. 709. Nesopupa newcombi PILSBRY, Proc. A. N. S. Phila., 

 1900, p. 433. 



Vertigo costulom PEASE, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1871, p. 

 4(i Pupa costuloaa PFR., Mouographia Heliceonim Viven- 

 tium, viii, p. 408. ANCEY, Mem. de la Soc. Zool. de France, 

 v, 1892. p. 711. 



This is one of the most variable species of shells found on 

 the Hawaiian Islands. The typical form, with five lamellae in 

 the aperture, appears to be rather uncommon. Specimens with 

 from 6 to 10 lamella? and folds are found on nearly all the 

 islands of the group. In some cases these races are found in 

 nearly pure colonies, in others individuals representing two or 

 more races are found in a single colony. 



Nearly 350 specimens from 33 colonies were closely examined 

 and among them 40 different lamella-formula? were noted. 

 The presence and form of almost all the lamella? seem to be 

 variable characters except in a very few races. The only 

 teeth found in all the specimens were the columellar, lower 

 and upper palatal. In one (probably pathological) specimen 

 the parietal and angular lamella? were absent, and in another 

 the parietal lamella was lacking. Except for extremely rare 



