78 



BRANCH ARTHROPOD A. 



ORDER HYMENOPTERA (hi men op'te ra). 



The members of this order have two pairs of mem- 

 branous wings, resembling those of the Neuroptera, 

 though they lack the complicated reticulate venation 

 (ve na'shun). The mouth-parts are well developed and 

 formed for both biting and sucking. The metamorphosis 

 is complete, the young not resembling the adult. As the 

 female is generally provided with a sting, situate at the 

 posterior end of the body, the abdomen is often con- 

 stricted anteriorly to a mere pedicel, giving great freedom 

 of motion to its termination. 



The Saw-flies are often very 

 destructive to all forest and 

 shade trees. The female having, 

 with her ovipositor, sawed a slit 

 in a leaf or twig of her favorite 

 tree, deposits therein several 



FIG. 134. 



Nem' a (us ven tri co' sux. Saw-fly and Larva. 



eggs, where the young hatches 

 in the midst of plenty. When 

 these larvae, which strikingly 

 resemble the young of many 

 Lepidoptera, are full grown, they 

 spin for themselves silken co- 

 coons, in which they undergo 

 their transformations. 



t'i/n'ips guer' cusfo'li i. Gall-fly. 



The Q-all-flies are of very similar habits, though differ- 



