54 



ZOOLOGY 



Red sun- 

 flower due 

 to an ex- 

 tension of 



anthocyanin 



already 



present 



other by chemicals. The acid state is pink, but when 

 an alkali is introduced the solution may become blue. 

 The anthocyanin of the sunflower turns green in alkali, 

 but this is probably due to the presence of a yellow 

 substance (flavone). 



6. The first sunflower with red (maroon) on the rays 

 seems to have been observed in South Dakota in 1892, 

 but no record was made of the fact at the time. In 

 1910, in Boulder, Colorado, a plant was found by the 

 roadside, having the rays strongly suffused with chest- 

 nut red. This was an example of the prairie species 

 or race, and had not come from a cultivated source. 



FIG. u. The red sunflower (Helianthus annuus, variety). 



