274 



ZOOLOGY 



Order Lepidoptera 



The butterflies and moths, or scale-winged insects ; 

 with complete metamorphosis ; the larvae terrestrial, 

 with few exceptions. See Chapter 38. 



Scorpion 

 flies 



Bees, 

 wasps, etc. 



From Bulletin 67, U. S. National 

 Museum (after Packard) 



FIG. 91. A scorpion fly (Panorpa). 



Order Mecaptera (or Panorpatcz} 



Scorpion flies and their relatives, often regarded as a 

 suborder of Neuroptera. The head is prolonged into a 



beak. The males of Pan- 

 orpa^ the true scorpion flies, 

 have the end of the abdo- 

 men enlarged and curved 

 upward, in the manner of 

 scorpions. The wings when 

 present are more or less 

 narrow, the anterior pair 

 similar to the hind ones. 

 Frequently the wings are prettily marked. The meta- 

 morphosis is complete, and the larvae resemble caterpil- 

 lars. All the species are carnivorous, feeding on other 

 insects. 



Order Hymenoptera 



The bees, wasps, ants, sawflies, and their relatives. 

 See Chapters 39 and 40. The most primitive Hy- 

 menoptera are the sawflies, in which the abdomen is 

 broadly attached to the thorax, and the larvae have legs, 

 those which feed exposed on foliage closely resembling 

 caterpillars. Another great group consists of the ich- 

 neumon flies, chalcid flies, and others, nearly all parasitic 

 in their immature stages on other insects, and of great 

 importance as destroyers of insects injurious to crops. 



